Medicaid Is A Health Safety Net Program - 1789 Words

Introduction Medicaid is a health safety net program that was enacted to provide health care coverage to qualifying members of the population with low incomes and has become one of the largest payers for health care in the United States. In 2010, the Medicaid program was responsible for providing health services to over eight million women and covered over forty percent of all births. This gives Medicaid the distinction of being the majority payer for all maternity services in the United States. Despite the popularity of Medicaid and the proven need for medical services, the recipients of Medicaid are often saddled with stigma for receiving benefits. Negative connotations regarding Medicaid recipients were exacerbated in the 1970’s†¦show more content†¦Contrary to this opinion, others, including myself, believe that Medicaid expansion is not only necessary but imperative as it improves the health of mothers and children who are then more likely to become productive taxpayers that contribute to society. In addition to the health benefits, Medicaid expansion will most likely result in a cost savings for the states. A cost savings that would be realized by reducing the number of uninsured, the addition of healthcare related jobs and reduced patient loads at community sponsored free clinics. Background On July 30, 1965, President Lyndon B. Johnson signed into law the bill that led to the establishment of Medicare and Medicaid. Medicaid is a social protection program that was enacted to provide medical assistance to United States citizens who meet certain eligibility requirements and is jointly operated by the Federal and State government. Although each state is responsible for operating its own Medicaid system, it must comply with established Federal guidelines in order to receive matching funds. In the United States, approximately thirty percent of all children utilize the Medicaid program and that percentage doubles for children who are impoverished. As of 2015, approximately 70 million people are currently enrolled in Medicaid, which has an annual budget of half a billion dollars. Participants covered under the Medicaid system are eligible to

Gender Roles in Things Fall Apart - 733 Words

In Chinua Achebes novel Things Fall Apart, the Ibo society has a strict system of behavioral customs that are assigned by gender. These customs restrict the freedom of Ibo woman and help to reinforce generation after generation the notion that Ibo men are superior to women. In Achebes essay An Image of Africa: Racism in Conrads Heart of Darkness, he claims that Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness, despite its insights, ought to be eradicated from literature as an appropriate piece of work on the argument that it is racist. Achebe focuses on gender roles and avoiding stereotypes to dismiss the racist attitude towards Africans in his novel by bringing the reader down to the level of his unbiased narration of a historical fiction novel.†¦show more content†¦In Ibo society, women marry to add to their fathers wealth, become subservient to their husbands, continue on their husbands legacy through child birth and emanate the essence that women know the secret of life, since they a re the source of it. This is evident when Uchendu ask â€Å"Can you tell me, Okonkwo, why it is that one of the commonest namesShow MoreRelatedThings Fall Apart and A Dolls House on Gender Roles Essay1441 Words   |  6 PagesPaper There are certain expectations of individuals based on how they speak, act, and what their actions convey. These are known as gender roles. Formerly and still to this day, society has had boundaries between each gender, men being above women due to their expectations. This stereotype has be widely accepted, causing an unfair and unequal treatment between genders. They limit individuals, not granting them to achieve and follow their dreams. Society has recognized the differences between the gapRead MoreGender Roles : Chinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart2246 Words   |  9 Pages The roles of male and female have been controversial since the beginning of time. In the early modern era, several authors explain how gender roles impact their society. One of these authors is Chinua Achebe, who wrote the novel, Things Fall Apart that reflects the conditional of society. The significance of one’s culture affected gender roles and allowed society to determine an individual lifestyle ; therefore, I attend to identify the structure of gender roles in Things Fall Apart on howRead MoreEssay on Gender Roles in Things Fall Apart, by Chinua Achebe2254 Words   |  10 Pages Upon an initial reading of Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart, it is easy to blame the demise of Okonkwo’s life and of the Umofia community on the imperialistic invasions of the white men. After all, Okonkwo seemed to be enjoying relative peace and happiness before then. He did have a few mishaps; one of them resulted in him being exiled for eight years. Nonetheless, he returned to his home town with high spirits and with prospects of increased success. However, everything has changedRead MoreAnalysis Of Feminism In Things Fall Apart1070 Words   |  5 Pagesof feminist theory in Things Fall Apart presents reason for the sexism that is continuously portrayed. Sexism and problematic gender roles within the novel are repeatedly depicted throughout a number of scenes an d characters. With this, we are able to see how sexism exists in various cultures and how the implementation of sexism is detrimental to society. Although, as feminist theory states, rebelling and challenging the patriarchal system is necessary to halt gender roles and sexual restrictionRead MoreGender Differences in Africa1272 Words   |  6 PagesWollenzier September 24, 2012 Gender Differences Gender has played an enormous role around the world from the very beginning. A major part of gender differences involves woman continuously being treated as inferiors to men in many ways. Men seemed to have the upper hand in numerous parts of the world. Gender differences have and still are a problem around the world today even after progress has been made with laws being passed against it. A world without gender differences would be a colorlessRead MoreMost Of Society Views Food In A Singular Manner, That Is,1312 Words   |  6 Pageswith the idea that food can be much more than what it seems to be. Three texts that we have studied this semester that have gastronomy as a major theme include Khushwant Singh’s â€Å"The Wog†, Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart, and Ngitji’s â€Å"The Possum Woman†. I will use these works to demonstrate the role of food and drink in the societies presented and explore the broader cultural implications that food and d rink have around the world. In Khushwant Singh’s â€Å"The Wog†, the author uses food and drink toRead MoreShe by H. Rider Haggard and Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe1114 Words   |  4 PagesHow are the roles and representations of females in the texts She by H. Rider Haggard and Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe presented? Given two different situations the women are in, the outcome is close to the same. Ayesha in She plays a role she created for herself in the Amahagger community, which can be contrasted with the culture the novel was written in by the author at the time. The women in Things Fall Apart are also as such represented by their culture, and can be compared to the femaleRead MoreAfrican Storytellers, By Chinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart And Sembene In God s Bits Of Wood944 Words   |  4 PagesIllustrating the specific gender roles dictated by African society while explaining why they must be broken is a technique used to validate the importance of women in society. While mo st African societies are male led or dominated, storytellers craft social commentary to establish the relevance of feminine influence on the success of these societies. Both Chinua Achebe in Things Fall Apart and Sembene Ousmane in God’s Bits of Wood employ the technique of exploring the defined gender roles while pushing theirRead MoreEssay about Role of Women in Things Fall Apart, by Chinua Achebe1453 Words   |  6 Pages The role of women in society has grown and changed tremendously with the development of the world. Within the American culture, women’s rights have expanded to the extent of being able to vote for who runs our country or even possibly being the person that does run our country. Although the American culture has somewhat promoted the growth of a woman’s role in society, does not mean women receive the same respect in other cultures around world. For example, in Africa women are viewedRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1129 Words   |  5 Pagessomeone can say is to â€Å"Be a Man.† As Carlos Gomez once stated, â€Å"So many men in this world (are) living in this sort of quiet desperation, confined in this box of toxic masculinity.† In the novel Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe, some characters are the epitome of this toxic masculinity. Things Fall Apart shows the dimension of both Igbo people and culture, while highlighting the tale of a tragic hero, Okonkwo. Okonkwo’s rise to glory was demonstrated by his humble beginnings and eye for prosperity

Supporting Inclusion In Early Childhood †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Supporting Inclusion In Early Childhood Settings. Answer: Inclusion in early childhood is a process to meet the needs of the children in their early stage of life. Inclusion in the childhood allows the disabled children to play, learn and develop themselves with other children. Supporting inclusion in early childhood removes the barrier between the child with a disability and normal children. Apart from this process supports the family members of the disabled children and they feel valued in the society. In according to Allen and Cowdery, (2015), every child has the ability to learn and develop themselves if they get a positive attitude by the society. This study deals with the importance, approach, and strength of the inclusion process in the early childhood of all children. Early childhood is the phase of the individuals life in which the physical and mental development of the children start (Irvin et al., 2017). However, every child has the capability to learn and they need the proper guidance and positive culture from the society. Education is a cognitive process that begins in the early childhood. Hence, supporting inclusion in the early childhood in the educational settings brings the children both the child with disability and normal to learn together. Inclusion in the education setting at the early stage of life helps the children to discover that they are more alike than different (Allen Cowdery, 2015). However, according to the traditional educational process, the children having specific needs are isolated by the society and they learn through the different way in different educational sectors. Hence, inclusion program in early childhood builds their self-esteem and allows them to learn from other students in the educational settings. Learning from each other is important to minimize the discrimination between the disabled children and the normal children in the educational sectors at their early childhood. However, in the educational settings early inclusion process also give guidance to the teacher thus they enhance their skills and the experience, which is beneficial for the children (Syrjmki et al., 2017). Isolation of the disabled children from the other children in the educational sectors affects the mind of such children and also leaves the negative impact on their family. However, often in the younger stage normal people discriminate the disabled people. Hence, inclusion in the early childhood in the educational setting will reduce the root of exclusion between the special children and the abled children (Zhu Hsieh, 2017). Therefore, it is justified that inclusion is crucial for the children in the educational settings in their early childhood. Inclusive education at the early stage of childhood deliver the messages to the society that both special and normal children possess same value and learning ability in the society which minimizes the exclusion process regarding the disabled children. Inclusive education includes the special classroom. Inclusive education includes inclusive classroom, special education process and use of assistive technology that helps both normal and speci al children to learn quickly. Inclusion in the educational settings at the early childhood make the children creative as they are able to share ideas with each other. Therefore, they are able to think creatively, which is crucial for their development. Supporting inclusion in the educational sectors develops the children mentally strong and leads them to interact with other people during their education (Brian et al., 2017). However, it is important for the teacher to make a good communication with the children during their learning as positive attitudes allow the children to learn quickly. Teachers are amiable with the children in their school while providing them education through the inclusion process at their early childhood. Inclusion process in the educational settings enables the children to learn together and accepts the differences between the individuals. Moreover, it also decreases the impact of bullying and harassment in the education sectors that usually occur with the disabled children in their earl y childhood (McLeod et al., 2017). Development of the effective team in order to enhance the inclusion process is beneficial for the children to improve their learning process (Driskell, 2017). Inclusion process refers to bring the all children together in an educational setting. Effective team approach motivates everyone to provide support to the children and their family. Therefore, effective team approach involves in delivering the inclusive program that highlights the every child's interest and the ability in a society (McLeod et al., 2017). Moreover, collaborative team work focuses on the high expectations from each child. Many Australian public agencies like KU and Inclusion Agency are involved in the inclusion program of the children. These agencies get fund form the Australian government to develop the learning process of the children in their early stage of childhood. However, different inclusion programs are carried out by such agencies through teamwork. Such agencies follow the Inclusion Support program or ISP guideline to conduct the inclusion program in Australia (Mychild.gov.au 2017). Application of the team approach within the inclusion process allows both disable and the normal children within each aspect of any program in the educational setting. Establishment of a constructive communication between the children, educators, and staffs of the educational sector is another part of the team approach in inclusion process (Gunn, 2017). On the other hand, the team members get the scope to learn from each other or from the expertise while providing inclusive care to the children. The team members are able to appreciate the similarities between the normal and the special children in the inclusion program. Some Australian agencies are also associated with the inclusion program for the children. One of the most important is Inclusion Support agency of Australia that develops many inclusion program to support the children. This agency delivers the scope to the children for their early learning and provides effective care process. On the other hand, Inclusion development fund (IDF) is established by the Australian government to provide financial support to the children for their early learning. However, such funds are developed to give financial support to the Australian inclusion agencies to remove the barrier of the inclusion program (Mychild.gov.au 2017). KU centers get support from the KU education support team in Australia to develop the inclusion program for the children in their early childhood. Children with disability and challenging behavior are included in this KU centre to develop their learning abilities. Such KU centers give support to the children with disability under the inclusion program of the Australian government (Ku.com.au, 2017). Use of effective team approach in the inclusion process allows the people to work collaboratively and teach the children properly. A team in the educational setting includes the knowledgeable educators those are able to make an action plan for the development and the learning of the children. Effective team approach supports the children to learn alongside in a community (Akda? Haser, 2017). On the other hand, effective team approach includes the communication process that supports the children to establish a secure relationship that also encourages them to participate in a group and to learn in an active manner. Using effective team approach as for example, proper interaction with children in an inclusive process develop a trusting relationship between the educator and the children in the educational setting (Driskell, 2017). Hence, the children will be able to develop a strong sense about them and this enables them to make friends with other in a group. Therefore, children are able to develop sense of the belonging to the broader community and the group, which is a positive outcome of using the effective team approach in the inclusion process. Team approach makes the children advanced and they learn how to work collaboratively by showing respect and empathy (Hu et al., 2017). Establishment of the team approach to the inclusion of children at early childhood supports the children to recognize the truth that disability is not the component of diversity (Hornby, 2011). Children are able to accept the differences between the families and culture. However, in the educational sectors team approach is not only beneficial for children but also helpful for the educators as they obtain the capacity to meet the needs of the children through their collaborative work. The educators are able to establish a meaningful relationship with the children and their co-workers to respond to the needs of the individuals. The effective team in the inclusion process leads the members of the team to feel valued through the regular communication process. The educators are able to solve the query of the children's family and to ensure the proper care for the children in the inclusion program through collaborative work. Young children are the sensitive part of the society thus it is important for them to learn together at their early childhood through the inclusive education (Grisham-Brown, Hemmeter Pretti-Frontczak, 2017). Inclusive education focuses on the special educational needs of the children at their early stage of life. However, children those are vulnerable and excluded by the society seek the inclusive education. Inclusive education aims to bring the children together and learn together. According to the various studies that children learn better if they learn together and this opportunity is provided by the inclusive education provision to the young children at their early childhood. Children from different cultures and families come to school and learn together through the inclusive educational provision (Carrington et al., 2017). The purpose of the inclusive education is to design and develop the educational sectors that allow the student to learn and participate together. It is helpful for the young children to cope with the changing environment if they get inclusive education in their early childhood. Inclusive education is important for the very young child at their early stage of education by attending the regular class. Educators get training to support the children with diverse needs in the inclusive educational process. Teamwork, innovative instructional practice, and the collaboration are the major there elements of the inclusive education (Sharma et al., 2017).The first step of the inclusive education is to identify the special needs of each student. Next, the schools need to develop policies for the inclusive education that can fulfill the interest of the children and satisfy their families. Therefore, the staffs get proper training and get the scope to attend the personal meeting on a regular basis in order to improve their skills to meet the needs of the children. However, teamwork includes individual approach and group work. Effective work of the individuals within the team maximizes the performance of the team on the other hand; the entire teamwork by the group of the people is another approach of the teamwork. Formal curriculum practice is followed by the inclusive education to maximize the performance of the students. Pedagogical component is applied to the inclusive education to manage the classroom for the children. Tailor made practices are obtained by the inclusive educational process within the school to manage the special needs of the disabled children. Inclusive education is crucial for the young children during their early childhood as it helps them to learn to provide value to the diverse community. However, diversification of the community starts from the school hence, application of inclusive education enables the children to learn and play together that will minimize the cultural barrier between them. Inclusive education gives the children strength, which enables them to fulfill the expectation of the society and the family (Inclusionbc.org, 2017). Inclusive education focuses on the individual goal hence; it will be beneficial for the young children to get the inclusive education at their early childhood. Children are able to perform group work through the inclusive education as teamwork is the major area of such education (Hollingshead et al., 2017). Hence, this inclusive education gives the opportunity to the children to do creative work through sharing the idea with others. On the other hand, inclusive education involves the parents in the learning process of the children which also maximize the development of the children. Young children are able to reduce the harassment process from their childhood through the inclusive education as it enables them to accept the differences between the individuals and to respect all cultures. Children get the scope to develop the friendship with the wide range of children from different cultures that makes diversification. Collaborative work occurs between the different children with speci fic needs that enable each of them to understand others through the inclusive education. Moreover, such inclusive educational provision appreciates the schools and the other educational sectors to accept the diversity and the inclusion process in the broader aspect. The entire study focuses on the different aspects of inclusion process and its importance in the early childhood. However, it has been found that the inclusion process removes the barrier between the children with disability and the abled children in the context of the educational process. Hence, both the disabled and the normal child are able to learn together through the inclusive educational process. However, effective teamwork is beneficial for the inclusion process in the context of children as it allows the children to perform the teamwork and share the idea with other. Therefore, the educators are able to meet the needs of the children through effective teamwork in the inclusion process. References Allen, E. K., Cowdery, G. E. (2015). The exceptional child: Inclusion in early childhood education. USA: Cengage Learning. Akda?, Z., Haser, . (2017). Beginning early childhood education teachers struggle with inclusion in Turkey.Asia Pacific Journal of Education,37(2), 219-231. Brian, J., Bernardi, K., Dowds, E., Easterbrook, R., MacWilliam, S., Bryson, S. (2017). Feasibility of training early childhood educators in a community child care setting using a caregiver-mediated intervention for toddlers with autism spectrum disorder.Journal of Education and Training Studies,5(5), 93-102. Carrington, S., Pillay, H., Tones, M., Nickerson, J., Duke, J., Esibaea, B., ... Faasala, C. J. (2017). A case study of culturally informed disability-inclusive education policy development in the Solomon Islands.International Journal of Inclusive Education,21(5), 495-506. Driskell, D. (2017).Creating better cities with children and youth: A manual for participation. Routledge. Gunn, A. C. (2017). A philosophical anchor for creating inclusive communities in early childhood education: Anti-bias philosophy and Te Wh?riki: Early childhood curriculum.Waikato Journal of Education,9. Grisham-Brown, J., Hemmeter, M. L., Pretti-Frontczak, K. (2017).Blended practices for teaching young children in inclusive settings. Brookes Publishing Company. Hu, B. Y., Wu, H. P., Su, X. Y., Roberts, S. K. (2017). An examination of Chinese preservice and inservice early childhood teachers perspectives on the importance and feasibility of the implementation of key characteristics of quality inclusion.International Journal of Inclusive Education,21(2), 187-204. Hornby, G. (2011). Inclusive education for children with special education needs: A critique of policy and practice in New Zealand.Journal of International and Comparative Education (JICE), 52-60. Hollingshead, A., Carnahan, C. R., Lowrey, K. A., Snyder, K. (2017). Engagement for Students With Severe Intellectual Disability: The Need for a Common Definition in Inclusive Education.Inclusion,5(1), 1-15. Irvin, D. W., Crutchfield, S. A., Greenwood, C. R., Simpson, R. L., Sangwan, A., Hansen, J. H. (2017). Exploring classroom behavioral imaging: Moving closer to effective and data-based early childhood inclusion planning.Advances in Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 1-10. Inclusionbc.org (2017). Inclusive education. Retrieved 17 August 2017, from https://www.inclusionbc.org/our-priority-areas/inclusive-education/what-inclusive-education Ku.com.au (2017). Inclusion in KU centers. Retrieved 7 October 2017, from https://www.ku.com.au/childcare/about/inclusion McLeod, B. D., Sutherland, K. S., Martinez, R. G., Conroy, M. A., Snyder, P. A., Southam-Gerow, M. A. (2017). Identifying common practice elements to improve social, emotional, and behavioral outcomes of young children in early childhood classrooms.Prevention Science,18(2), 204-213. Mychild.gov.au (2017).New Inclusion Support Programme. Retrieved 7 October 2017, from https://www.mychild.gov.au/news/new-inclusion-support-programme Syrjmki, M., Sajaniemi, N., Suhonen, E., Alijoki, A., Nislin, M. (2017). Enhancing peer interaction: an aspect of a high-quality learning environment in Finnish early childhood special education.European Journal of Special Needs Education,32(3), 377-390. Sharma, U., Forlin, C., Marella, M., Jitoko, F. (2017). Using indicators as a catalyst for inclusive education in the Pacific Islands.International Journal of Inclusive Education,21(7), 730-746. Zhu, J., Li, H., Hsieh, W. Y. (2017). Implementing inclusive education in an early childhood setting: a case study of a Hong Kong kindergarten.Early Child Development and Care, 1-13.

International Capital Markets Essays - Foreign Exchange Market, Bank

International Capital Markets International capital markets are a group of markets (in London, Tokyo, New York, Singapore, and other financial cities) that trade different types of financial and physical capital (assets), including Stocks, bonds (government and corporate), bank deposits denominated in different currencies,commodities (like petroleum, wheat, bauxite, gold)forward contracts, futures contracts, swaps, options contracts ,real estate and land,factories and equipment Gains from Trade ?How have international capital markets increased the gains from trade? ?When a buyer and a seller engage in a voluntary transaction, both receive something that they want and both can be made better off. ?A buyer and seller can trade goods or services for other goods or services,goods or services for assets,assets for assets ?The theory of comparative advantage describes the gains from trade of goods and services for other goods and services: ?with a finite amount of resources and time, use those resources and time to produce what you are most productive at (compared to alternatives), then trade those products for goods and services that you want. be a specialist in production, while enjoying many goods and services as a consumer through trade ?The theory of intertemporal trade describes the gains from trade of goods and services for assets, of goods and services today for claims to goods and services in the future (today?s assets). ?Savers want to buy assets (future goods and services) and borrowers want to use assets (wealth) to consume or invest in more goods and services than they can buy with current income. ?Savers earn a rate of return on their assets, while borrowers are able to use goods and services when they want to use them: they both can be made better off. ?The theory of portfolio diversification describes the gains from trade of assets for assets, of assets with one type of risk with assets of another type of risk. ?Many times in economics (though not in Las Vegas) people want to avoid risk: they would rather have a sure gain of wealth than invest in risky assets. ?Economists say that investors often display risk aversion: they are averse to risk. ?Diversifying or ?mixing up? a portfolio of assets is a way for investors to avoid or reduce risk. Portfolio Diversification Suppose that 2 countries have an asset of farmland that yields a crop, depending on the weather. The yield (return) of the asset is uncertain, but with bad weather the land can produce 20 tonnes of potatoes, while with good weather the land can produce 100 tonnes of potatoes. On average, the land will produce 1/2 * 20 + 1/2 * 100 = 60 tonnes if bad weather and good weather are equally likely (both with a probability of 1/2). The expected value of the yield is 60 tonnes Suppose that historical records show that when the domestic country has good weather (high yields), the foreign country has bad weather (low yields). What could the two countries do to make sure they do not have to suffer from a bad potato crop? Sell 50% of one?s assets to the other party and buy 50% of the other party?s assets: diversify the portfolios of assets so that both countries always achieve the portfolios? expected (average) values. With portfolio diversification, both countries could always enjoy a moderate potato yield and not experience the vicissitudes of feast and famine. If the domestic country?s yield is 20 and the foreign country?s yield is 100 then both countries receive: 50%*20 + 50%*100 = 60. If the domestic country?s yield is 100 and the foreign country?s yield is 20 then both countries receive: 50%*100 + 50%*20 = 60. If both countries are risk averse, then both countries could be made better off through portfolio diversification. Classification of Assets Claims on assets (?instruments?) are classified as either 1.Debt instruments ?Examples include bonds and bank deposits ?They specify that the issuer of the instrument must repay a fixed value regardless of economic circumstances. 2.Equity instruments ?Examples include stocks or a title to real estate ?They specify ownership (equity = ownership) of variable profits or returns, which vary according to economic conditions. International Capital Markets The participants: 1.Commercial banks and other depository institutions: ?accept deposits ?lend to governments, corporations, other banks, and/or individuals ?buy and sell bonds and other assets ?Some commercial banks underwrite stocks and bonds by agreeing to find buyers for those assets at a specified price. 2.Non bank financial institutions: pension funds,