Medicaid Is A Health Safety Net Program - 1789 Words

Introduction Medicaid is a health safety net program that was enacted to provide health care coverage to qualifying members of the population with low incomes and has become one of the largest payers for health care in the United States. In 2010, the Medicaid program was responsible for providing health services to over eight million women and covered over forty percent of all births. This gives Medicaid the distinction of being the majority payer for all maternity services in the United States. Despite the popularity of Medicaid and the proven need for medical services, the recipients of Medicaid are often saddled with stigma for receiving benefits. Negative connotations regarding Medicaid recipients were exacerbated in the 1970’s†¦show more content†¦Contrary to this opinion, others, including myself, believe that Medicaid expansion is not only necessary but imperative as it improves the health of mothers and children who are then more likely to become productive taxpayers that contribute to society. In addition to the health benefits, Medicaid expansion will most likely result in a cost savings for the states. A cost savings that would be realized by reducing the number of uninsured, the addition of healthcare related jobs and reduced patient loads at community sponsored free clinics. Background On July 30, 1965, President Lyndon B. Johnson signed into law the bill that led to the establishment of Medicare and Medicaid. Medicaid is a social protection program that was enacted to provide medical assistance to United States citizens who meet certain eligibility requirements and is jointly operated by the Federal and State government. Although each state is responsible for operating its own Medicaid system, it must comply with established Federal guidelines in order to receive matching funds. In the United States, approximately thirty percent of all children utilize the Medicaid program and that percentage doubles for children who are impoverished. As of 2015, approximately 70 million people are currently enrolled in Medicaid, which has an annual budget of half a billion dollars. Participants covered under the Medicaid system are eligible to

Gender Roles in Things Fall Apart - 733 Words

In Chinua Achebes novel Things Fall Apart, the Ibo society has a strict system of behavioral customs that are assigned by gender. These customs restrict the freedom of Ibo woman and help to reinforce generation after generation the notion that Ibo men are superior to women. In Achebes essay An Image of Africa: Racism in Conrads Heart of Darkness, he claims that Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness, despite its insights, ought to be eradicated from literature as an appropriate piece of work on the argument that it is racist. Achebe focuses on gender roles and avoiding stereotypes to dismiss the racist attitude towards Africans in his novel by bringing the reader down to the level of his unbiased narration of a historical fiction novel.†¦show more content†¦In Ibo society, women marry to add to their fathers wealth, become subservient to their husbands, continue on their husbands legacy through child birth and emanate the essence that women know the secret of life, since they a re the source of it. This is evident when Uchendu ask â€Å"Can you tell me, Okonkwo, why it is that one of the commonest namesShow MoreRelatedThings Fall Apart and A Dolls House on Gender Roles Essay1441 Words   |  6 PagesPaper There are certain expectations of individuals based on how they speak, act, and what their actions convey. These are known as gender roles. Formerly and still to this day, society has had boundaries between each gender, men being above women due to their expectations. This stereotype has be widely accepted, causing an unfair and unequal treatment between genders. They limit individuals, not granting them to achieve and follow their dreams. Society has recognized the differences between the gapRead MoreGender Roles : Chinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart2246 Words   |  9 Pages The roles of male and female have been controversial since the beginning of time. In the early modern era, several authors explain how gender roles impact their society. One of these authors is Chinua Achebe, who wrote the novel, Things Fall Apart that reflects the conditional of society. The significance of one’s culture affected gender roles and allowed society to determine an individual lifestyle ; therefore, I attend to identify the structure of gender roles in Things Fall Apart on howRead MoreEssay on Gender Roles in Things Fall Apart, by Chinua Achebe2254 Words   |  10 Pages Upon an initial reading of Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart, it is easy to blame the demise of Okonkwo’s life and of the Umofia community on the imperialistic invasions of the white men. After all, Okonkwo seemed to be enjoying relative peace and happiness before then. He did have a few mishaps; one of them resulted in him being exiled for eight years. Nonetheless, he returned to his home town with high spirits and with prospects of increased success. However, everything has changedRead MoreAnalysis Of Feminism In Things Fall Apart1070 Words   |  5 Pagesof feminist theory in Things Fall Apart presents reason for the sexism that is continuously portrayed. Sexism and problematic gender roles within the novel are repeatedly depicted throughout a number of scenes an d characters. With this, we are able to see how sexism exists in various cultures and how the implementation of sexism is detrimental to society. Although, as feminist theory states, rebelling and challenging the patriarchal system is necessary to halt gender roles and sexual restrictionRead MoreGender Differences in Africa1272 Words   |  6 PagesWollenzier September 24, 2012 Gender Differences Gender has played an enormous role around the world from the very beginning. A major part of gender differences involves woman continuously being treated as inferiors to men in many ways. Men seemed to have the upper hand in numerous parts of the world. Gender differences have and still are a problem around the world today even after progress has been made with laws being passed against it. A world without gender differences would be a colorlessRead MoreMost Of Society Views Food In A Singular Manner, That Is,1312 Words   |  6 Pageswith the idea that food can be much more than what it seems to be. Three texts that we have studied this semester that have gastronomy as a major theme include Khushwant Singh’s â€Å"The Wog†, Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart, and Ngitji’s â€Å"The Possum Woman†. I will use these works to demonstrate the role of food and drink in the societies presented and explore the broader cultural implications that food and d rink have around the world. In Khushwant Singh’s â€Å"The Wog†, the author uses food and drink toRead MoreShe by H. Rider Haggard and Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe1114 Words   |  4 PagesHow are the roles and representations of females in the texts She by H. Rider Haggard and Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe presented? Given two different situations the women are in, the outcome is close to the same. Ayesha in She plays a role she created for herself in the Amahagger community, which can be contrasted with the culture the novel was written in by the author at the time. The women in Things Fall Apart are also as such represented by their culture, and can be compared to the femaleRead MoreAfrican Storytellers, By Chinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart And Sembene In God s Bits Of Wood944 Words   |  4 PagesIllustrating the specific gender roles dictated by African society while explaining why they must be broken is a technique used to validate the importance of women in society. While mo st African societies are male led or dominated, storytellers craft social commentary to establish the relevance of feminine influence on the success of these societies. Both Chinua Achebe in Things Fall Apart and Sembene Ousmane in God’s Bits of Wood employ the technique of exploring the defined gender roles while pushing theirRead MoreEssay about Role of Women in Things Fall Apart, by Chinua Achebe1453 Words   |  6 Pages The role of women in society has grown and changed tremendously with the development of the world. Within the American culture, women’s rights have expanded to the extent of being able to vote for who runs our country or even possibly being the person that does run our country. Although the American culture has somewhat promoted the growth of a woman’s role in society, does not mean women receive the same respect in other cultures around world. For example, in Africa women are viewedRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1129 Words   |  5 Pagessomeone can say is to â€Å"Be a Man.† As Carlos Gomez once stated, â€Å"So many men in this world (are) living in this sort of quiet desperation, confined in this box of toxic masculinity.† In the novel Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe, some characters are the epitome of this toxic masculinity. Things Fall Apart shows the dimension of both Igbo people and culture, while highlighting the tale of a tragic hero, Okonkwo. Okonkwo’s rise to glory was demonstrated by his humble beginnings and eye for prosperity

Supporting Inclusion In Early Childhood †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Supporting Inclusion In Early Childhood Settings. Answer: Inclusion in early childhood is a process to meet the needs of the children in their early stage of life. Inclusion in the childhood allows the disabled children to play, learn and develop themselves with other children. Supporting inclusion in early childhood removes the barrier between the child with a disability and normal children. Apart from this process supports the family members of the disabled children and they feel valued in the society. In according to Allen and Cowdery, (2015), every child has the ability to learn and develop themselves if they get a positive attitude by the society. This study deals with the importance, approach, and strength of the inclusion process in the early childhood of all children. Early childhood is the phase of the individuals life in which the physical and mental development of the children start (Irvin et al., 2017). However, every child has the capability to learn and they need the proper guidance and positive culture from the society. Education is a cognitive process that begins in the early childhood. Hence, supporting inclusion in the early childhood in the educational settings brings the children both the child with disability and normal to learn together. Inclusion in the education setting at the early stage of life helps the children to discover that they are more alike than different (Allen Cowdery, 2015). However, according to the traditional educational process, the children having specific needs are isolated by the society and they learn through the different way in different educational sectors. Hence, inclusion program in early childhood builds their self-esteem and allows them to learn from other students in the educational settings. Learning from each other is important to minimize the discrimination between the disabled children and the normal children in the educational sectors at their early childhood. However, in the educational settings early inclusion process also give guidance to the teacher thus they enhance their skills and the experience, which is beneficial for the children (Syrjmki et al., 2017). Isolation of the disabled children from the other children in the educational sectors affects the mind of such children and also leaves the negative impact on their family. However, often in the younger stage normal people discriminate the disabled people. Hence, inclusion in the early childhood in the educational setting will reduce the root of exclusion between the special children and the abled children (Zhu Hsieh, 2017). Therefore, it is justified that inclusion is crucial for the children in the educational settings in their early childhood. Inclusive education at the early stage of childhood deliver the messages to the society that both special and normal children possess same value and learning ability in the society which minimizes the exclusion process regarding the disabled children. Inclusive education includes the special classroom. Inclusive education includes inclusive classroom, special education process and use of assistive technology that helps both normal and speci al children to learn quickly. Inclusion in the educational settings at the early childhood make the children creative as they are able to share ideas with each other. Therefore, they are able to think creatively, which is crucial for their development. Supporting inclusion in the educational sectors develops the children mentally strong and leads them to interact with other people during their education (Brian et al., 2017). However, it is important for the teacher to make a good communication with the children during their learning as positive attitudes allow the children to learn quickly. Teachers are amiable with the children in their school while providing them education through the inclusion process at their early childhood. Inclusion process in the educational settings enables the children to learn together and accepts the differences between the individuals. Moreover, it also decreases the impact of bullying and harassment in the education sectors that usually occur with the disabled children in their earl y childhood (McLeod et al., 2017). Development of the effective team in order to enhance the inclusion process is beneficial for the children to improve their learning process (Driskell, 2017). Inclusion process refers to bring the all children together in an educational setting. Effective team approach motivates everyone to provide support to the children and their family. Therefore, effective team approach involves in delivering the inclusive program that highlights the every child's interest and the ability in a society (McLeod et al., 2017). Moreover, collaborative team work focuses on the high expectations from each child. Many Australian public agencies like KU and Inclusion Agency are involved in the inclusion program of the children. These agencies get fund form the Australian government to develop the learning process of the children in their early stage of childhood. However, different inclusion programs are carried out by such agencies through teamwork. Such agencies follow the Inclusion Support program or ISP guideline to conduct the inclusion program in Australia (Mychild.gov.au 2017). Application of the team approach within the inclusion process allows both disable and the normal children within each aspect of any program in the educational setting. Establishment of a constructive communication between the children, educators, and staffs of the educational sector is another part of the team approach in inclusion process (Gunn, 2017). On the other hand, the team members get the scope to learn from each other or from the expertise while providing inclusive care to the children. The team members are able to appreciate the similarities between the normal and the special children in the inclusion program. Some Australian agencies are also associated with the inclusion program for the children. One of the most important is Inclusion Support agency of Australia that develops many inclusion program to support the children. This agency delivers the scope to the children for their early learning and provides effective care process. On the other hand, Inclusion development fund (IDF) is established by the Australian government to provide financial support to the children for their early learning. However, such funds are developed to give financial support to the Australian inclusion agencies to remove the barrier of the inclusion program (Mychild.gov.au 2017). KU centers get support from the KU education support team in Australia to develop the inclusion program for the children in their early childhood. Children with disability and challenging behavior are included in this KU centre to develop their learning abilities. Such KU centers give support to the children with disability under the inclusion program of the Australian government (Ku.com.au, 2017). Use of effective team approach in the inclusion process allows the people to work collaboratively and teach the children properly. A team in the educational setting includes the knowledgeable educators those are able to make an action plan for the development and the learning of the children. Effective team approach supports the children to learn alongside in a community (Akda? Haser, 2017). On the other hand, effective team approach includes the communication process that supports the children to establish a secure relationship that also encourages them to participate in a group and to learn in an active manner. Using effective team approach as for example, proper interaction with children in an inclusive process develop a trusting relationship between the educator and the children in the educational setting (Driskell, 2017). Hence, the children will be able to develop a strong sense about them and this enables them to make friends with other in a group. Therefore, children are able to develop sense of the belonging to the broader community and the group, which is a positive outcome of using the effective team approach in the inclusion process. Team approach makes the children advanced and they learn how to work collaboratively by showing respect and empathy (Hu et al., 2017). Establishment of the team approach to the inclusion of children at early childhood supports the children to recognize the truth that disability is not the component of diversity (Hornby, 2011). Children are able to accept the differences between the families and culture. However, in the educational sectors team approach is not only beneficial for children but also helpful for the educators as they obtain the capacity to meet the needs of the children through their collaborative work. The educators are able to establish a meaningful relationship with the children and their co-workers to respond to the needs of the individuals. The effective team in the inclusion process leads the members of the team to feel valued through the regular communication process. The educators are able to solve the query of the children's family and to ensure the proper care for the children in the inclusion program through collaborative work. Young children are the sensitive part of the society thus it is important for them to learn together at their early childhood through the inclusive education (Grisham-Brown, Hemmeter Pretti-Frontczak, 2017). Inclusive education focuses on the special educational needs of the children at their early stage of life. However, children those are vulnerable and excluded by the society seek the inclusive education. Inclusive education aims to bring the children together and learn together. According to the various studies that children learn better if they learn together and this opportunity is provided by the inclusive education provision to the young children at their early childhood. Children from different cultures and families come to school and learn together through the inclusive educational provision (Carrington et al., 2017). The purpose of the inclusive education is to design and develop the educational sectors that allow the student to learn and participate together. It is helpful for the young children to cope with the changing environment if they get inclusive education in their early childhood. Inclusive education is important for the very young child at their early stage of education by attending the regular class. Educators get training to support the children with diverse needs in the inclusive educational process. Teamwork, innovative instructional practice, and the collaboration are the major there elements of the inclusive education (Sharma et al., 2017).The first step of the inclusive education is to identify the special needs of each student. Next, the schools need to develop policies for the inclusive education that can fulfill the interest of the children and satisfy their families. Therefore, the staffs get proper training and get the scope to attend the personal meeting on a regular basis in order to improve their skills to meet the needs of the children. However, teamwork includes individual approach and group work. Effective work of the individuals within the team maximizes the performance of the team on the other hand; the entire teamwork by the group of the people is another approach of the teamwork. Formal curriculum practice is followed by the inclusive education to maximize the performance of the students. Pedagogical component is applied to the inclusive education to manage the classroom for the children. Tailor made practices are obtained by the inclusive educational process within the school to manage the special needs of the disabled children. Inclusive education is crucial for the young children during their early childhood as it helps them to learn to provide value to the diverse community. However, diversification of the community starts from the school hence, application of inclusive education enables the children to learn and play together that will minimize the cultural barrier between them. Inclusive education gives the children strength, which enables them to fulfill the expectation of the society and the family (Inclusionbc.org, 2017). Inclusive education focuses on the individual goal hence; it will be beneficial for the young children to get the inclusive education at their early childhood. Children are able to perform group work through the inclusive education as teamwork is the major area of such education (Hollingshead et al., 2017). Hence, this inclusive education gives the opportunity to the children to do creative work through sharing the idea with others. On the other hand, inclusive education involves the parents in the learning process of the children which also maximize the development of the children. Young children are able to reduce the harassment process from their childhood through the inclusive education as it enables them to accept the differences between the individuals and to respect all cultures. Children get the scope to develop the friendship with the wide range of children from different cultures that makes diversification. Collaborative work occurs between the different children with speci fic needs that enable each of them to understand others through the inclusive education. Moreover, such inclusive educational provision appreciates the schools and the other educational sectors to accept the diversity and the inclusion process in the broader aspect. The entire study focuses on the different aspects of inclusion process and its importance in the early childhood. However, it has been found that the inclusion process removes the barrier between the children with disability and the abled children in the context of the educational process. Hence, both the disabled and the normal child are able to learn together through the inclusive educational process. However, effective teamwork is beneficial for the inclusion process in the context of children as it allows the children to perform the teamwork and share the idea with other. Therefore, the educators are able to meet the needs of the children through effective teamwork in the inclusion process. References Allen, E. K., Cowdery, G. E. (2015). The exceptional child: Inclusion in early childhood education. USA: Cengage Learning. Akda?, Z., Haser, . (2017). Beginning early childhood education teachers struggle with inclusion in Turkey.Asia Pacific Journal of Education,37(2), 219-231. Brian, J., Bernardi, K., Dowds, E., Easterbrook, R., MacWilliam, S., Bryson, S. (2017). Feasibility of training early childhood educators in a community child care setting using a caregiver-mediated intervention for toddlers with autism spectrum disorder.Journal of Education and Training Studies,5(5), 93-102. Carrington, S., Pillay, H., Tones, M., Nickerson, J., Duke, J., Esibaea, B., ... Faasala, C. J. (2017). A case study of culturally informed disability-inclusive education policy development in the Solomon Islands.International Journal of Inclusive Education,21(5), 495-506. Driskell, D. (2017).Creating better cities with children and youth: A manual for participation. Routledge. Gunn, A. C. (2017). A philosophical anchor for creating inclusive communities in early childhood education: Anti-bias philosophy and Te Wh?riki: Early childhood curriculum.Waikato Journal of Education,9. Grisham-Brown, J., Hemmeter, M. L., Pretti-Frontczak, K. (2017).Blended practices for teaching young children in inclusive settings. Brookes Publishing Company. Hu, B. Y., Wu, H. P., Su, X. Y., Roberts, S. K. (2017). An examination of Chinese preservice and inservice early childhood teachers perspectives on the importance and feasibility of the implementation of key characteristics of quality inclusion.International Journal of Inclusive Education,21(2), 187-204. Hornby, G. (2011). Inclusive education for children with special education needs: A critique of policy and practice in New Zealand.Journal of International and Comparative Education (JICE), 52-60. Hollingshead, A., Carnahan, C. R., Lowrey, K. A., Snyder, K. (2017). Engagement for Students With Severe Intellectual Disability: The Need for a Common Definition in Inclusive Education.Inclusion,5(1), 1-15. Irvin, D. W., Crutchfield, S. A., Greenwood, C. R., Simpson, R. L., Sangwan, A., Hansen, J. H. (2017). Exploring classroom behavioral imaging: Moving closer to effective and data-based early childhood inclusion planning.Advances in Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 1-10. Inclusionbc.org (2017). Inclusive education. Retrieved 17 August 2017, from https://www.inclusionbc.org/our-priority-areas/inclusive-education/what-inclusive-education Ku.com.au (2017). Inclusion in KU centers. Retrieved 7 October 2017, from https://www.ku.com.au/childcare/about/inclusion McLeod, B. D., Sutherland, K. S., Martinez, R. G., Conroy, M. A., Snyder, P. A., Southam-Gerow, M. A. (2017). Identifying common practice elements to improve social, emotional, and behavioral outcomes of young children in early childhood classrooms.Prevention Science,18(2), 204-213. Mychild.gov.au (2017).New Inclusion Support Programme. Retrieved 7 October 2017, from https://www.mychild.gov.au/news/new-inclusion-support-programme Syrjmki, M., Sajaniemi, N., Suhonen, E., Alijoki, A., Nislin, M. (2017). Enhancing peer interaction: an aspect of a high-quality learning environment in Finnish early childhood special education.European Journal of Special Needs Education,32(3), 377-390. Sharma, U., Forlin, C., Marella, M., Jitoko, F. (2017). Using indicators as a catalyst for inclusive education in the Pacific Islands.International Journal of Inclusive Education,21(7), 730-746. Zhu, J., Li, H., Hsieh, W. Y. (2017). Implementing inclusive education in an early childhood setting: a case study of a Hong Kong kindergarten.Early Child Development and Care, 1-13.

International Capital Markets Essays - Foreign Exchange Market, Bank

International Capital Markets International capital markets are a group of markets (in London, Tokyo, New York, Singapore, and other financial cities) that trade different types of financial and physical capital (assets), including Stocks, bonds (government and corporate), bank deposits denominated in different currencies,commodities (like petroleum, wheat, bauxite, gold)forward contracts, futures contracts, swaps, options contracts ,real estate and land,factories and equipment Gains from Trade ?How have international capital markets increased the gains from trade? ?When a buyer and a seller engage in a voluntary transaction, both receive something that they want and both can be made better off. ?A buyer and seller can trade goods or services for other goods or services,goods or services for assets,assets for assets ?The theory of comparative advantage describes the gains from trade of goods and services for other goods and services: ?with a finite amount of resources and time, use those resources and time to produce what you are most productive at (compared to alternatives), then trade those products for goods and services that you want. be a specialist in production, while enjoying many goods and services as a consumer through trade ?The theory of intertemporal trade describes the gains from trade of goods and services for assets, of goods and services today for claims to goods and services in the future (today?s assets). ?Savers want to buy assets (future goods and services) and borrowers want to use assets (wealth) to consume or invest in more goods and services than they can buy with current income. ?Savers earn a rate of return on their assets, while borrowers are able to use goods and services when they want to use them: they both can be made better off. ?The theory of portfolio diversification describes the gains from trade of assets for assets, of assets with one type of risk with assets of another type of risk. ?Many times in economics (though not in Las Vegas) people want to avoid risk: they would rather have a sure gain of wealth than invest in risky assets. ?Economists say that investors often display risk aversion: they are averse to risk. ?Diversifying or ?mixing up? a portfolio of assets is a way for investors to avoid or reduce risk. Portfolio Diversification Suppose that 2 countries have an asset of farmland that yields a crop, depending on the weather. The yield (return) of the asset is uncertain, but with bad weather the land can produce 20 tonnes of potatoes, while with good weather the land can produce 100 tonnes of potatoes. On average, the land will produce 1/2 * 20 + 1/2 * 100 = 60 tonnes if bad weather and good weather are equally likely (both with a probability of 1/2). The expected value of the yield is 60 tonnes Suppose that historical records show that when the domestic country has good weather (high yields), the foreign country has bad weather (low yields). What could the two countries do to make sure they do not have to suffer from a bad potato crop? Sell 50% of one?s assets to the other party and buy 50% of the other party?s assets: diversify the portfolios of assets so that both countries always achieve the portfolios? expected (average) values. With portfolio diversification, both countries could always enjoy a moderate potato yield and not experience the vicissitudes of feast and famine. If the domestic country?s yield is 20 and the foreign country?s yield is 100 then both countries receive: 50%*20 + 50%*100 = 60. If the domestic country?s yield is 100 and the foreign country?s yield is 20 then both countries receive: 50%*100 + 50%*20 = 60. If both countries are risk averse, then both countries could be made better off through portfolio diversification. Classification of Assets Claims on assets (?instruments?) are classified as either 1.Debt instruments ?Examples include bonds and bank deposits ?They specify that the issuer of the instrument must repay a fixed value regardless of economic circumstances. 2.Equity instruments ?Examples include stocks or a title to real estate ?They specify ownership (equity = ownership) of variable profits or returns, which vary according to economic conditions. International Capital Markets The participants: 1.Commercial banks and other depository institutions: ?accept deposits ?lend to governments, corporations, other banks, and/or individuals ?buy and sell bonds and other assets ?Some commercial banks underwrite stocks and bonds by agreeing to find buyers for those assets at a specified price. 2.Non bank financial institutions: pension funds,

Free Essays on What Happens After The Attack

Source of Current Reading Article The Wall Street Journal, September 27, 2001, pgA8 Delta Joins Major Carrier in Cost Cuts, With Plans to Lay Off 16% of Work Force Summary Delta Airlines feels that they need to lay workers off because of the drastic decline in sales. Delta is offering six voluntary programs, one to five year leaves, an early retirement plans, and a voluntary severance package that provide as much as 20 weeks’ pay and other benefits. Delta is cutting many of their flights trans-Atlantic routes which they think would likely be hit harder due to the U.S. strikes back at terrorists. After the attack Delta is averaging a passenger load of about 140,000, compared with 300,000 the day before it. Delta is not the only airline choosing the route of laying employees off, Continental Airlines, and Northwest Airlines Critique I feel that this Delta airlines issue is a business ethical situation. On the business side the company is looking at the big decrease in sales. So in order for company to start making profits they must decrease their liabilities. The easiest way to do that from the companies prospective is to let go of some employees. On the flip side there is a ethical issue in the air. It is not right to lay people off every time business gets bad. Delta employees have families to support and bill to pay just like the next person. There are some laws protecting employees from lay offs like unions. Everyone does not join unions because they feel they are a waste of money, but who would have though terrorist would hit the airlines industry. There needs to be some kind of compromise between the business side and the ethical side to come to some kind of resolution.... Free Essays on What Happens After The Attack Free Essays on What Happens After The Attack Source of Current Reading Article The Wall Street Journal, September 27, 2001, pgA8 Delta Joins Major Carrier in Cost Cuts, With Plans to Lay Off 16% of Work Force Summary Delta Airlines feels that they need to lay workers off because of the drastic decline in sales. Delta is offering six voluntary programs, one to five year leaves, an early retirement plans, and a voluntary severance package that provide as much as 20 weeks’ pay and other benefits. Delta is cutting many of their flights trans-Atlantic routes which they think would likely be hit harder due to the U.S. strikes back at terrorists. After the attack Delta is averaging a passenger load of about 140,000, compared with 300,000 the day before it. Delta is not the only airline choosing the route of laying employees off, Continental Airlines, and Northwest Airlines Critique I feel that this Delta airlines issue is a business ethical situation. On the business side the company is looking at the big decrease in sales. So in order for company to start making profits they must decrease their liabilities. The easiest way to do that from the companies prospective is to let go of some employees. On the flip side there is a ethical issue in the air. It is not right to lay people off every time business gets bad. Delta employees have families to support and bill to pay just like the next person. There are some laws protecting employees from lay offs like unions. Everyone does not join unions because they feel they are a waste of money, but who would have though terrorist would hit the airlines industry. There needs to be some kind of compromise between the business side and the ethical side to come to some kind of resolution....

3 Problems with Introducing Sayings and Questions

3 Problems with Introducing Sayings and Questions 3 Problems with Introducing Sayings and Questions 3 Problems with Introducing Sayings and Questions By Mark Nichol Often, an incorrect form of punctuation is deployed to set off the introduction of a saying or a question from the quoted material itself. The following sentences demonstrate various errors related to this issue, and discussions and revisions explain the problem and illustrate one or more solutions. 1. The old saying, â€Å"What gets rewarded gets done,† is as true with risk as with any other activity. Setting the quoted saying off with commas implies that it is equivalent to â€Å"the old saying,† meaning that it is the old saying- the only one in existence. However, that phrase and the quotation are appositives; they both describe the same thing (a saying- one of many), so no internal punctuation is required: â€Å"The old saying ‘What gets rewarded gets done’ is as true with risk as with any other activity.† 2. From that perspective, we should ask: Are executives looking at portfolio management? Do they understand how the budgeting process works? Do they understand how the capital-allocation process works? A colon should not be used here, because that punctuation mark serves as a sort of soft period, indicating the end of an independent clause and at the same time signaling that what follows will be some form of an extension of that clause. But what precedes the colon is not an independent clause, so that initial part of the sentence should be extended to become an independent clause: â€Å"From that perspective, we should ask the following questions: ‘Are executives looking at portfolio management?’ ‘Do they understand how the budgeting process works?’ ‘Do they understand how the capital-allocation process works?’† (Note, too, that because the questions are conjectural utterances, they should also be framed in quotation marks.) Alternatively, a comma can replace the colon: â€Å"From that perspective, we should ask, ‘Are executives looking at portfolio management?’ ‘Do they understand how the budgeting process works?’ ‘Do they understand how the capital-allocation process works?’† 3. When we speak to heads of audit of organizations in the health care sector, many ask the same question, Where do we start? This sentence illustrates a problem opposite to that discussed in the previous example. What precedes â€Å"Where do we start?† is a complete statement, so a colon should replace the final comma to set up the question: â€Å"When we speak to heads of audit of organizations in the health care sector, many ask the same question: ‘Where do we start?’† (Again, the question itself should be enclosed in quotation marks as well.) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:How to Format a US Business Letter20 Pairs of One-Word and Two-Word Forms10 Tips About How to Write a Caption

Censorship of Books in the United States and Susan Glaspells Trifles Essay

Censorship of Books in the United States and Susan Glaspells Trifles Overview of the History of Censorship in the United States - Essay Example The banning of the books in the United States of America unofficially began in 1749 with John Cleland’s Fanny Hill was condemned for its â€Å"frank sexual descriptions† (â€Å"The Online Books Page†). At that time, there was no clear law yet that banned books and other forms of written materials. However, in 1873, the 1873 Comstock Act was made into law by the federal and state governments. It called for the banning of all literature considered â€Å"sexually arousing† as well as those about contraception (â€Å"Book Censorship†). The author of the act, Anthony Comstock, was appointed leader of the New York Society for the Suppression of Vice and helped in the banning of foreign literature during his time, such as Chaucher’s The Canterbury Tales, Defoe’s Moll Flanders, Aristophanes’ Lysistrata, several editions of The Arabian Nights, and Boccaccio’s Decameron (â€Å"The Online Books Page†). After the 1873 Comstock Act, the law was modified into many other various laws that banned literature. This led to the banning of Margaret Sanger’s Family Limitation in 1915, James Joyce’s Ulysses in 1918, anti-war pamphlets in 1919, Rousseau’s Confessions in 1929, Voltaire’s Candide in 1930, Thoreau’s Civil Disobedience in 1950, John T. Scopes’ Civic Biology, Mitchell’s Gone with the Wind in 1978, the Grimm’s Fairy Tales in 1989, and even the Christian Bible in 1996 (â€Å"The Online Books Page†). Books were banned in schools and the banning was supported by teachers, parents, churches and even civic groups, all with various agenda. Among the works banned in America during the early 20th century were those of Susan Glaspell. Biography of Susan Glaspell Susan Glaspell is considered as â€Å"the mother of modern American drama† (Real i). Moreover, according to Rohe, Glaspell is known as â€Å"the spirit and he mind and the soul of the r eal America of to-day, expressed in literature† (qtd. in Real i). Glaspell was born in Davenport, Iowa in 1876 and grew up there until she graduated from college in Des Moines and eventually landed a job in the Des Moines paper, where she was assigned the task of writing about the murder trial of a certain John Hossack in 1900. This murder trial became the basis of her 1916 one-act play Trifles. Overall, Glaspell authored 14 plays, 9 novels and 3 short story collections (Gainor & Dickey 35). Susan Glaspell was born and became a playwright, journalist, poet and novelist during the era of literature known as modernism, a movement where irony and satire were used to express governmental or social criticism. Glaspell’s hometown, Davenport, was extremely instrumental in making her one of the most controversial and critical writers of her time. In fact, Davenport is described as â€Å"a community more conducive than many other Midwestern locales to fostering creativity and p rogressive thought† (35). This is something which is characteristic of modernism. A huge part of modernism was the vindication of women’s rights, which was still an issue during Glaspell’s time. In fact, her first profession was journalism as it was, according to Glaspell herself, â€Å"comparatively receptive to women† (35). By 1915, Glaspell and her husband George Cram Cook – a classics professor, itinerant farmer and poet/novelist – left Davenport because of its increasing conservativeness and conventionality, and headed for the more radical environs of Greenwich Village. This occurred at exactly the same time that artists, intellectuals, bohemians and political activists also began seeking their own place as they all began embracing modernism (35-36). Glaspell and her

An evaluation of competitive advantages of electronic advertising to Dissertation

An evaluation of competitive advantages of electronic advertising to companies in UK - Asda and Tesco - Dissertation Example This analysis is primarily an evaluation of the market potential of electronic advertising for businesses in the UK, with case-studies of notable examples. The relevant findings that necessitate studies such as this include data that portrays as many as 14 million households in the United Kingdom going online to discover current details about goods or services in September of 2009 – 14 million within just one month. (Office of Fair Trading, 2010) Other relevant findings indicate an ongoing growth rate in the subsequent advertising revenue that can be achieved for those that take advantage of online advertising opportunities. The percentage of advertising revenue generated from online commerce has grown 17% in the five years between 2003 and 2008, for example. (Office of Fair Trading, 2010) There are additional complexities to this form of advertising, but there is strong evidence to suggest that electronic marketing/advertising is a growth area which must be pioneered by any c ompany that does not wish to be left behind by history. As of 2010, the practice of behavioral advertising through online targeting is responsible for revenue as high as ?95m. (Office of Fair Trading, 2010) This represents the fraction of possible online marketing revenues known to be possible within the United Kingdom, to say nothing of the global market, but even within the UK there is potential for further growth. Online marketing allows for an element of behavioral tailoring which is more difficult in other forms of media – even other visual media. The competitive advantages of electronic advertising through online sources allow the vendor to maximize the relevance of an advertisement by adjusting content pertaining directly to the consumers’ desires. This potential is far greater than what might be achieved through less responsive media. Television advertisers for decades have sought to generate programming specific to a selection of the demographic most likely to be watching a given program at a given time, but this method has its limits. A television station attempts to acquire as many advertisers as possible, and must negotiate its scheduling to satisfy all of them, and the most popular programs may have a diverse demographic. Some commercials may be relevant to any particular viewer, but in the course of satisfying all advertisers inevitably there will be much content there any particular view or will not find worthy of attention. Television is not responsive in the way that online navigation could be. The television viewer has already responded by selecting the channel, and no further customization is possible. The situation is similar with radio. Electronic advertising through online sources allows the advertiser to adapt their message in a way that capitalizes upon the very personal nature of website navigation. In front of the computer or mobile computing device, the user has access to an ever growing network of information and enter tainment, far more options than could ever be feasible for the programming of a radio or television company. The range of options is dizzying, but provides a golden opportunity for advertisers. Those who attempt to market to individual website users do not need to cater to the totality of need for an audience of (hopefully)

National Cranberry Cooperative Essay Example for Free

National Cranberry Cooperative Essay As one of the largest cooperatives for cranberry growers in North America, the National Cranberry Cooperative (NCC) encompasses operations in five states as well as two locations in Canada. Last year, sales from the United States alone reached upwards of $138 million, making 1995 NCC’s most productive season to date. The development and increased use of cranberry bogs in particular—commonly known as â€Å"wet harvesting† as opposed to the more traditional practice of â€Å"dry harvesting† by hand ­Ã¢â‚¬â€has brought higher yields to the NCC while creating new challenges for its receiving plants to keep pace. One such site, Receiving Plant No. 1 (RP1), experienced unprecedented levels of overtime costs during the 1995 season due to delivery backups at the plant’s loading docks. These additional costs have caused significant frustration among the cooperative members, and growers have demanded that RP1 identify the cause for these delays within the plant and implement a solution before the new season begins.

Dialogue Essay - Ron was Unhappy :: Dialogue Essays

Dialogue Essay - Ron was Unhappy Ron was unhappy with the way his life had turned out. He had always expected to be a celebrity; a wealthy celebrity. He had not realized that this would probably require a lot of hard work and discipline. He had depended on luck. Luck had let him down. As he looked back on his short life, he could see how often he had had the opportunity to take luck by the throat. But those opportunities were past now. His life no longer had the prospect of wealth or celebrity. He had been born to a couple of teenagers. They had never really grown up the whole time he’d known them. He was the mature one of the family, and he resented this. He had no brothers or sisters. His parents, though alive, were no longer together, and he felt as if he was all alone in the world. Holidays divided between different households was difficult for him to come to terms with. It robbed the holidays of the joy he so much wanted them to hold. He had long ago decided to forgo holidays altogether, not because they no longer had any meaning for him, but because they meant so much. He refused to see them turned into tugs-of-war. Ron had joined the service as soon as he got out of high school, not because he wanted to, but because he didn’t really have anything better to do, and no place better to do it. He was not a model soldier. He was in and out of trouble, but somehow managed to get out with an honorable discharge. He still had nothing better to do. He finally found himself a job in a factory. Nothing too demanding, and perhaps a little demeaning to his intelligence. But it kept him fed. He didn’t hate his job, but he had no loyalty to it. He smoked a little too much. He loved his cigarettes. He didn’t think he was addicted, and would quit from time to time, sometimes for weeks, sometimes for months, and twice for a couple of years. But he loved tobacco. He knew it might kill him someday, but this did not cause his affection to waver. He also loved women. They seemed to love him as well. At least those who could get close to him. But there was something about him that they could not penetrate, no matter how much or how often they tried.

Hypothyroidism and its Relationship to Heart Disease and Cardiac Problems Essay

Hershman describes hypothyroidism as a disorder which results from a deficit of the action of thyroid hormone (2009, p. 435). This condition affects the development and function of all tissues of the body, an important example of which is the heart. The thyroid hormone is responsible for the crucial regulation of calcium flux into the sarcomeres of myocytes (Rao, 2007, p. 202). The most common effect of deficient thyroid-hormone action on any tissue is well known; a decrease in the basal metabolic rate. For the heart, this decrease most commonly causes a decrease in heart rate. Other manifestations may include â€Å"decreased cardiac output, flabby myocardium, pericardial effusion and impaired endothelial function† (Hershman, 2009, p. 435). However, for the profoundly hypothyroid patient, the most frequent cause of cardiac anomalies is impaired diastolic relaxation (Klein, 2005, p. 777). Although the fall in rate of metabolism is ubiquitous in hypothyroidism, the heart experiences a disproportionate change in demand and supply of oxygen, the supply drops faster than the demand. On the other hand, patients of coronary heart disease who have later developed hypothyroidism have been given either low doses of T4, or no medication at all by some practitioners (Klein, 2005, p. 777); the lowered cardiac load associated with hypothyroidism helps in lowering the stress on the heart. Nonetheless, the adverse effects of hypothyroidism on the heart and on metabolism generally far outweigh this small concession (Klein, 2005, p. 777). Another complication associated with hypothyroidism is hypertension. The main feature of pathophysiology that results in this manifestation is the increased vascular resistance due to absence of the vasodilating action of T3 (Klein, 2005, p. 776). This brand of hypertension shows decreased sensitivity to salt intake as compared to other forms of hypertension (Klein, 2005, p. 776). Hypertension in a profoundly hypothyroid patient is especially ominous. The increase serum levels of cholesterol and lipoprotein (a), associated with the low metabolic rate, combined with the increased vascular resistance may lead to coronary heart disease (Klein, 2005, p. 77). However, it’s the subclinical counterpart of hypothyroidism that represents a major challenge; the lack of clear cut symptoms makes the diagnosis of this latent condition difficult. In a recent study, subclinical hypothyroidism was claimed to be an independent risk factor for heart disease in women in their 60s and 70s (Hak et al. , 2000). The main pathophysiological feature is the delayed relaxation of the left ventricle after contractions, exacerbated by endothelial dysfunction and a stiffness of the arteries (Biondi, 2009, p. 24). Serum thyroid stimulating hormone, TSH, and serum free T4 are an appropriate starting point in acquiring a diagnosis of hypothyroidism (Hershman, 2009, p. 436). Myoglobin levels in blood and urine are also excellent indicators of injury to cardiac tissue (Klein, 2005, p. 777). Serum creatine kinase levels may also be increased, but troponin levels remain normal (Rao, 2007, p. 202). In subclinical hypothyroidism, TSH levels are moderately increased while T4 levels remain normal. ECG shows a general decrease in amplitude and the T wave may be inverted (Rao, 2007, p. 202). The treatment of both the latent and overt forms of hypothyroidism, in relation to the heart, involves the maintenance of steady thyroid hormone levels. Levothyroxine is the drug of choice; in patients with a known heart condition, the dosage of the drug should be given incrementally to reach a stable normal level (Rao, 2007, p. 202). In elderly patients, some degree of cardiac ischemia is assumed present and the dosage is always increased gradually (Hershman, 2009, p. 438). Beta-blockers can be administered to counter the deleterious effect hormone therapy on cardiac ischemia, unless counter-indicated (Rao, 2007, p. 203).

Introduction to Early Childhood Education †Assessment Essay

Identify THREE quality indicators relevant to early childhood education and discuss why they are important for children, parents, and/or society. 300 words. The first quality indicator relevant to early childhood education would be ‘people’. Letting your child learn in an environment where the teachers and assistants are expert, well-trained and the majority of them hold qualifications in the area. They should be able to fully understand your child’s needs, communicate well with them ensuring they make your child feel safe and comfortable being around them. They should also be trusted and respected by staff, parents and children. The ‘place or environment’ would be the second indicator. The learning environment should make all children feel welcome regardless of the cultural, ethnic or language background. They should be able to provide a variety of, materials, equipment and play activity arranged to encourage children to learn. A stimulating outdoor environment that challenges and motivates children to explore, run and play is also important. An environment where they feel safe, and where parents can see their child, and feel comfortable knowing they are there. They should be able to feel secure in the environment they are in and to know their children can only benefit from being there. ‘Programme’ the third indicator. A quality learning programme should provide lots of learning opportunities in a wide range of different areas (reading, water play, sand play, dress-up, science, social play). A variety of activities either working in small groups or individual interactions with teachers. Parents should be able to BEd111: Introduction to Early Childhood Education – Assessment 20120778 Tourmaline Munday- Cooper to understand themselves about what their child is learning, having good communication with the centre employees, knowing what is going on and understanding their ways etc. an eye out being a parent and understanding the centres way. Teachers should always build trusting relationships with parents while always respecting and supporting different families cultures and languages. Reference List Identify TWO early childhood services in your community. Briefly explain their history and then compare and contrast their philosophies, educational goals and the strategies employed to achieve these goals. 450 words. Montessori is a philosophy and method of education pioneered by the Italian educationalist Dr Maria Montessori (The first Montessori school opened in 1909, the first Waldorf school in 1919 and the first Playcentre in the 1930s) Montessori ‘casa dei bambini’ or ‘children’s house’ was first opened in San Lorenzo, Rome, Italy. Dr Maria Montessori recognised that the first six years of a child’s life are the most important. Dr Montessori, trialled many materials and activities, but kept only those to which the children were spontaneously and repeatedly drawn. Playcentre began in 1941 primarily as a support service to women left raising children alone due to partners being away with the Second World War. Lack of transport and low family incomes were the reality for many women. Playcentre’s original aims were â€Å"to provide leisure for mothers and opportunities for the social development of the pre-school child† (Stover, 1998, p. 3). Playcentre is a stimulating environment, they provide a diverse and rich range of experiences, unlimited free play across all 16 areas of play, and a child initiated curriculum. Montessori has a certain structure and is based on their own philosophy unlike playcentre. Playcentre is a parent run co-operative it relies heavily on parental input, participation and support. Montessori aim is to provide an environment with structure and activities that meet the needs of the children and by giving them freedom to move and act within it, it was said that Dr Montessori had revealed the â€Å"true nature† of the child. Their philosophy is aimed for Children to be encouraged to be firmly grounded in reality before being exposed to fantasy. Montessori classrooms are very BEd111: Introduction to Early Childhood Education – Assessment 20120778 Tourmaline Munday- Cooper quiet, as children are deeply absorbed in their work. They input this by managing the classroom materials into six areas (Practical Life Exercises, Sensorial Material, Art, Mathemartics, language, cultural subjects, and also physical is brought into their daily routine). Playcentre however is marked by a stimulating environment, providing a diverse and rich range of experiences, un limited free play across all 16 areas of play, and a child initiated curriculum. Their views and goals are to promote children’s learning through play, Family involvement ( based on the importance of parents as educators of their own children) They like to View children as people who are strong and capable and can make their own choices about how and where to play (childinitiated play). Playcentre teachers are trained parents who take quite a hands on approach and implement learning, using a lot of open ended questions to extend children’s thinking. Montessori and playcentre have different methods. Both focus on the wellbeing of children, and help promote them to learn and grow through many different approaches. The key difference between Playschool and Montessori is that at playschool the whole family joins, rather than it just being a provider of education for the child. Reference List (Pre-schoolers: Preschool Education: Types of Early Childhood Care KYLIE VALENTINE 2010) (Stover, 1998, p. 3). May, H. (2002, Winter). Early childhood care and education in Aotearoa – New Zealand: An overview of history, policy and curriculum. McGill Journal of Education BEd111: Introduction to Early Childhood Education – Assessment 20120778 Tourmaline Munday- Cooper

Education Placement Is Key for Children with Asperger’s Essay Example

Education Placement Is Key for Children with Asperger’s Essay Example Education Placement Is Key for Children with Asperger’s Essay Education Placement Is Key for Children with Asperger’s Essay Walkowiak, J. , Wilkinson, A. , Minne, E.. (2010). Direct and Indirect Measures of Social Perception, Behavior, and Emotional Functioning in Children with Aspergers Disorder, Nonverbal Learning Disability, or ADHD. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 38(4), 509-19. Retrieved October 28, 2010, from ProQuest Psychology Journals. (Document ID: 2000997421). Brewin, B. , Renwick, R. , Schormans, A.. (2008). Parental Perspectives of the Quality of Life in School Environments for Children With Asperger Syndrome. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 23(4), 242-252. Retrieved October 29, 2010, from ProQuest Psychology Journals. Document ID: 1606797121). Kishida, Y. , Kemp, C.. (2009). The Engagement and Interaction of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder in Segregated and Inclusive Early Childhood Center-Based Settings. Topics in Early Childhood Special Education: Systematic Instruction in Early Childhood Special Education, 29(2), 105-118. Retrieved October 28, 2010, from ProQuest Psychology Journals. (Document ID: 1863 808051). I really did not find anything wrong with the essay I think that it was well written and the author got right to the point good essay.

Free Online Public Schools K-12 for Colorado Students

Free Online Public Schools K-12 for Colorado Students Colorado offers resident students the opportunity to take online public school courses for free. Below is a list of no-cost online schools currently serving elementary and high school students in Colorado. In order to qualify for the list, schools must meet the following qualifications: classes must be available completely online, they must offer services to state residents, and they must be funded by the government. Virtual schools listed may be charter schools, state-wide public programs, or private programs that receive government funding. List of Colorado Online Charter Schools and Online Public Schools Colorado Calvert AcademyColorado Virtual AcademyDenver Connections AcademyDenver Public School OnlineInsight School of Colorado About Online Charter Schools and Online Public Schools Many states now offer tuition-free online schools for resident students under a certain age (often 21). Most virtual schools are charter schools; they receive government funding and are run by a private organization. Online charter schools are subject to fewer restrictions than traditional schools. However, they are reviewed regularly and must continue to meet state standards. Some states also offer their own online public schools. These virtual programs generally operate from a state office or a school district. State-wide public school programs vary. Some online public schools offer a limited number of remedial or advanced courses not available in brick-and-mortar public school campuses. Others offer full online diploma programs. A few states choose to fund â€Å"seats† for students in private online schools. The number of available seats may be limited and students are usually asked to apply through their public school guidance counselor. (See also: 4 Types of Online High Schools). Choosing a Colorado Online Public School When choosing an online public school, look for an established program that is regionally accredited and has a track record of success. Be wary of new schools that are disorganized, are unaccredited, or have been the subject of public scrutiny. For more suggestions on evaluating virtual schools see: ​How to Choose an Online High School.

Fitness and Wellness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Fitness and Wellness - Essay Example If the body is healthy, it follows that the mind is healthy as well and will become more capable to engage in things that requires comprehensive thinking. Having a healthy mind and body has also the psychological benefit of feeling good about oneself knowing that we are fit. It enhances our self-esteem and makes us more confident about ourselves and life in general. The most obvious and immediate benefit of being healthy is wellness. Wellness meant that we are free from any sickness that render us sick, weak or lethargic. Being well meant that we feel great about our body and are ready to face and enjoy the challenges of life. For us to become well, healthy and fit, we have to eat right first. We have to feed our body foods that keeps and make it healthy and strong. If we feed our body with the wrong food, it will naturally get week because it does not have the necessary food to keep itself healthy. Eating healthy meant eating more fruits, vegetables and cereals and less meat and fatty foods. Fruits does not only taste good but they are nutritious as well. Vegetables on the other hand are also nutritious, fiberous and many are even considered medicinal that prevents and heals the body from getting sick. Cereals gives us the energy to do the things that we like doing. Meats may taste good but they should be minimized because they are unhealthy. They are unhealthy because they are fatty and high in cholesterol that shoots up our blood pressure and gives us heart attack. We also have to exercise to keep ourselves fit. There are a lot of ways to keep ourselves fit. We just have to be creative. A lot of people excuse themselves in not being fit because they do not have the time to exercise because of their busy schedule or that they are bored with it. We should not excuse ourselves if we want to be well, fit and healthy. One of the effective ways to overcome boredom in working out is

An advantage and a disadvantage of a large, public company because of Assignment

An advantage and a disadvantage of a large, public company because of its corporate form of ownership - Assignment Example For instance, a key benefit that can be seen is with regards to the fact that the initial public offering in stock price of Twitter has progressively risen since its first offering (Wilhelm, 2014). This of course stands in stark contrast to what was predicted and the way in which a similar platform, Facebook, behave. However, tangential to this, a noted drawback that the authors of several articles have noted has to do with the fact that Twitter has the difficulty of living up to an unrealistic expectation. As individuals have seen the rapid growth and advance in stock price, more and more investors have come to see this as a lucrative investment through which they can make something of a sudden gain upon their initial investments. However, the fact of the matter is that Twitter is an established tech company and seeks to provide a level of resilient growth without being seen as an investment instrument. In this very manner, the negative drawback of the growth that Twitter is facing is ultimately the result of its success. Wilhelm,  A. (2014, January 13).  IPO Underwriter Goldman Sachs Boosts Its Twitter Target 41% To $65 | TechCrunch. Retrieved  February  3, 2014, from

Has the Digital Revolution Had a Positive or Negative Effect on Essay

Has the Digital Revolution Had a Positive or Negative Effect on Communication in Today's Society - Essay Example The ability of computers to replicate and generate digital and graphical information enabled the digital world to flourish. The computers and the internet is the soul to the business world and with most part of the population possessing a personal computer allowed the digital technology to penetrate into every aspect of human life. The social media has advanced beyond imagination and every field from educational to entertainment has evolved drastically. According to (Walker ,1999,pg.39-48)â€Å"All types of information can now be transformed into digital form, manipulated by computers and transmitted by common networks†. The telecommunication field, media and information technology field has seen unbelievable changes due to the digital revolution. Moreover, the advancement in communication field has enabled the world economies to prosper in a short span of time. In concise, the revolution in digital world with the application of unique technology, methods and hardware has posi tively changed the face of the world. Positive Effects of Digital Revolution The technological, social media and communication field has undergone profound change due to digital revolution. ... In the article (Nations,2011)writes thatâ€Å" social media is such a broad term, it covers a large range of websites. But the one common link between these websites is that you are able to interact with the website and interact with other visitors†. Along with social media, the education sector has also seen major change which promoted the learning quality of students worldwide. Nowadays most of the educational curriculum is online based as it allows multimedia application which enhances the quality and absorption of learning information. Internet has advanced the communication procedure of students as they are facilitated with an advantage of online education. With the emergence of online education, students are rarely confined to a specific physical space. Digital evolution has given opportunity to students to access educational information and participate in educational programs and courses from any part of the world in minimum time. Apart from students, educators are equa lly benefited from online education as it eases the learning procedure and its outcome. Even the entertainment source of people has changed enormously due to advancement in digital technology. Today, video games has emerged has a main source of leisure activity for both young and adults alike. The video game has taken over the entertainment world as it exemplifies the leisure activity of people with its inspiring graphical and virtual presentation. According to (Beaumont,2009) â€Å"The sales of video games in the four years between 2003 to 2007 increased 40 per cent in the US, while over that same period, sales of cinema tickets had fallen six per cent†. The next best entertainment source for people are social websites and chatting services

Porosity Versus Permeability Essay Example for Free

Porosity Versus Permeability Essay Porosity and permeability are two terms that are commonly mentioned together and sometimes, even mistakenly interchanged. It is certain, however, that these two terms are completely different and pertain to different rock, sediment, or soil characteristics. The volume of openings in relation to its total volume determines porosity. The rule of thumb is that, the more tightly packed a rock is, then the less porous it is. As an example, crystals are less porous than volcanic rocks since the crystalline structure allows for compact organization, while volcanic rocks usually form in the presence of gases and therefore contain air spaces. Permeability, on the other hand, pertains to the degree of capacity to enable fluid to pass through. Thus, for example, if a rock has numerous holes in its structure and lets fluids to pass through effectively, then it can be considered as something that is highly permeable. On the other hand, if a rock has holes yet fluid still cannot pass, then it cannot be considered to have good permeability. In this sense, not only are possible passageways required for having good permeability, but the interconnectivity between the passageways is also important in order to allow the fluid to flow through. A sedimentary rock such as shale, which is composed of lithified clay, can be considered to have high porosity and low permeability. Since it is characterized by the numerous irregular spaces and breaks in its structure, it considered to be is rather porous just like other sedimentary rocks. However, due to the fact that the spacing pattern does not convey a continuous path wherein fluids may travel through, it cannot be considered to be permeable; hence, it has low permeability. Therefore, porosity and permeability are indeed distinct from each other, but a directly proportional relationship may commonly be observed between the two; however, there are cases where the relationship does not hold true due to the lack of proper interconnectivity between pores.

Abstract Expressionism Essay -- Art Artistic Painting Paintings Papers

Abstract Expressionism "What about the reality of the everyday world and the reality of painting? They are not the same realities. What is this creative thing that you have struggled to get and where did it come from? What reference or value does it have, outside of the painting itself?" Ad Reinhardt, in a group discussion at Studio 35, in 1950. My essay starts with the origin and the birth of this great expression in the twentieth century. This movement not only touched painting, it had an affect on various aspects of art-poetry, architecture, theater, film, photography. Vasily Kandinsky, Kazimir Malevich and Piet Mondrian are considered to be the pioneer artists to have achieved a truly abstract visual language in painting. Although they worked independently, these artists were united by a belief that abstract painting was capable of evoking a spiritual experience. A central figure of German Expressionism, Kandinsky, in 1911, began to paint densely layered composition of free-floating lines and areas of color, with the intention to reveal his desire to instill visual form with the properties of music. By 1915, Malevich had invented a new, abstract visual set of paintings consisting of one or more colored geometric shapes on a white field. He visualized a state of feeling, and a sense of bliss and wonder. Mondrian took a different approach with tighter geometric orientation and stricter compositional order. He was also inspired by landscape but he interpreted it as a series of interlocking vertical and horizontal lines. It would be hard to advance any definition of abstract expressionism without taking into account the vast and varied cultural and historical happenings t... ...painting and drawing led to his investigation of film making. Abstract expressionism was the combination of idealism and spirituality- two graeat schools of thought. I would sum up this essay by quoting from Willem de Kooning describing what abstract art means to him in 1951. He saw it as a an art of spiritual harmony in which all the main characters flew away from the painful realities of life. He said, " Their own sentiment of form instead was one of comfort. The beauty of comfort. The great curve of a bridge was beautiful because people could go across the river in comfort. To compose in curves like that, and angles, and make works of art with them could only make people happy, they maintained, for the only association was one of comfort. That millions of people have died in war since then, because of that idea of comfort, is something else." Abstract Expressionism Essay -- Art Artistic Painting Paintings Papers Abstract Expressionism "What about the reality of the everyday world and the reality of painting? They are not the same realities. What is this creative thing that you have struggled to get and where did it come from? What reference or value does it have, outside of the painting itself?" Ad Reinhardt, in a group discussion at Studio 35, in 1950. My essay starts with the origin and the birth of this great expression in the twentieth century. This movement not only touched painting, it had an affect on various aspects of art-poetry, architecture, theater, film, photography. Vasily Kandinsky, Kazimir Malevich and Piet Mondrian are considered to be the pioneer artists to have achieved a truly abstract visual language in painting. Although they worked independently, these artists were united by a belief that abstract painting was capable of evoking a spiritual experience. A central figure of German Expressionism, Kandinsky, in 1911, began to paint densely layered composition of free-floating lines and areas of color, with the intention to reveal his desire to instill visual form with the properties of music. By 1915, Malevich had invented a new, abstract visual set of paintings consisting of one or more colored geometric shapes on a white field. He visualized a state of feeling, and a sense of bliss and wonder. Mondrian took a different approach with tighter geometric orientation and stricter compositional order. He was also inspired by landscape but he interpreted it as a series of interlocking vertical and horizontal lines. It would be hard to advance any definition of abstract expressionism without taking into account the vast and varied cultural and historical happenings t... ...painting and drawing led to his investigation of film making. Abstract expressionism was the combination of idealism and spirituality- two graeat schools of thought. I would sum up this essay by quoting from Willem de Kooning describing what abstract art means to him in 1951. He saw it as a an art of spiritual harmony in which all the main characters flew away from the painful realities of life. He said, " Their own sentiment of form instead was one of comfort. The beauty of comfort. The great curve of a bridge was beautiful because people could go across the river in comfort. To compose in curves like that, and angles, and make works of art with them could only make people happy, they maintained, for the only association was one of comfort. That millions of people have died in war since then, because of that idea of comfort, is something else."

Dissolved Gas Analysis Method

FINAL YEAR PROJECT 1 PROGRESS REPORT 1 AUTHOR’S NAME:Ruban s/o Paramasivam STUDENT ID:EP083765 REPORTING PERIOD:18TH JUNE 2012 – 15TH JULY 2012 SUPERVISOR’S:Mr. John Steven NAME PROJECT TITLE:Dissolved Gas Analysis in determining Transformer Faults SUBMISSION DATE:16TH JULY 2012 1. 0 Background of Studies Oil sampling analysis is a useful, predictive, maintenance tool for determining transformer health. DGA is identified as one of the sufficient method of oil sampling in evaluating transformer health. The breakdown of electrical insulating material inside the transformer generates gases within the transformer.The identity of gases being generated is useful in any preventive method maintenance program. DGA method involves oil sampling method and testing the sample to measure the concentration of the dissolved gases. The two typical principal cause of gas formation within an operating transformer are electrical disturbance and thermal decomposition. All transformer s generate gasses to some extent at normal operating temperature. Insulating mineral oils for transformer are mixtures of many different hydrocarbons and the decomposition process for these hydrocarbons are complex.During this process, active hydrogen atoms and hydrocarbons fragments are formed. These fragments can combine with each other to form gasses such as Hydrogen (H2), Methane (CH4), Acetylene (C2H2), Ethylene (C2H4), Ethane (C2H6) and many more. The gasses listed are considered combustible. The rate at which each gas are produced depends on the temperature. Therefore, the concentration of the individual dissolved gasses found in transformer insulating oil may be used directly to evaluate the transformer and suggest any faults within the transformer.After samples have been taken and analysed, the first step in evaluating DGA result is to consider the concentration level of each gasses. Basically, any sharp increase of the key gasses stated above indicates potential problem wi thin the transformer. The type of faults which the key gasses can produce will be further discussed in the study. Literature Review 2. 0 Dissolved Gas Analysis Power Transformers are filled with oil which acts as a dielectric medium and also as a heat transfer agent besides being an insulator to the transformer. The insulated oil is made up of saturated hydrocarbons.These molecules are connected together to form a chain liked manner by carbon and hydrogen. [1] Table 1: Chemical structure of insulating oil and fault gases During normal use, there is a slow degradation of mineral oil which produces gases that dissolve in the oil, but when there is a electrical fault, the oil starts to degrade and temperature rises. Different patterns of gases are generated due to different intensities of energy dissipated according to the type of faults. This happens because of the broken chain of the chemical structure of the insulating oil.Therefore, the broken chain will form its own chemical struc ture which is known as hydrocarbon gases or also known as fault gases. It can be divided into 3 categories which is Thermal heating, Corona and Arching, The most severe intensity of energy dissipation occurs with arching, followed by thermal heating and the least severe is Corona. Figure 1 illustrates the process of breaking chain within the insulating oil chemical structure of the fault arcing, thermal heating, and corona. Figure 1: Breaking chain process of fault arcing, corona, thermal heating and pyrolysis of celluloseGases which are produced by the degradation of oil because of the increase of temperature may be caused by several factors: [2] * severe overloading * lighting * switching transients * mechanical flaws * chemical decomposition of oil or insulation * overheated areas of the windings * bad connections which have a high contact resistance The type of gases present in an oil sample makes it possible to find the type of fault that occurs in the transformer. This is done by evaluating the concentration of gases present in the oil during maintenance.The type of fault and its characteristics are as below [3]: * Arcing Arcing is the most severe of all fault processes. Large amount of hydrogen and acetylene are produced, with minor quantities of methane and ethylene. Arcing occurs in high current and high temperature conditions. Carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide may also be formed if the fault involved cellulose. In some instances, the oil may become carbonized. * Thermal heating Decomposition products include ethylene and methane, together with smaller quantities of hydrogen and ethane.Traces of acetylene may be formed if the fault is severe or involves electrical contacts. * Corona Corona is a low-energy electrical fault. Low-energy electrical discharges produce hydrogen and methane, with small quantities of ethane and ethylene. Comparable amounts of carbon monoxide and dioxide may result from discharge in cellulose. 2. 1 How DGA Works DGA method in cludes sampling of oil inside the transformer at different locations. Chromatographic analysis will be done on the oil sample to find the concentration of dissolved gas.The gases are then separated, identified and quantitatively determined such that the DGA method can then be applied in order to obtain reliable diagnosis [6]. The extracted gases meant for analysis purpose are Hydrogen (H2), Methane (CH4), Ethane (CH6), Ethylene (C2H4), Acetylene (C2H2), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Nitrogen (N2) and Oxygen (O2). These fault gases can be classified into 3 groups which are shown in Table 2. Group| Hydrocarbons & Hydrogen| Carbon Oxides| Non-fault gases| Gases| CH4,H2,CH6, C2H4,C2H2| CO, CO2| N2, O2| Table 2 :Fault Gases GroupDepending on the concentration of the dissolved gases, condition of the transformer can be evaluated. This is achievable because each type of fault burns the oil in a different way where it generates different type of gases. Therefore, it is easy to examine the fault base on the gas released and its concentration level. Table 3 : Relation between Fault type and Fault gases 2. 2 DGA Diagnostic Methods Insulating oil breakdowns to small quantity of gases due to over electrical or thermal stress. Thus, the composition of these gases plays a role in determining type of fault.Through DGA diagnostic methods, it is possible to find faults as discussed earlier. There are many methods in DGA and 5 methods will be studied in this literature review part. 2. 2. 1 Rogers Ratio Method The Roger’s method utilizes four gases ratios: CH4/H2, C2H6/CH4, C2H4/C2H6 and C2H2/C2H6. Diagnosis if faults are accomplished via a simple coding scheme based on ranges of the ratio as shown in tables below [4]. Table 4: Gas Ratio Codes [4] Table 5: Roger’s Ratio Code [4] The combination of the coding gives 12 different types of transformer faults. The type of faults based on the code is shown in table 6 below: [4]Table 6 : Classification based on Roger’s Ratio Codes 2. 2. 2 IEC Ratio Method This method originated from the Roger’s Ratio method, except that the ratio C2H6 /CH4 was dropped since it only indicated a limited temperature range of decomposition [3]. Here, the remaining three gas ratios have different ranges of code as compared to the Roger’s ratio method and they are shown in table 7. The faults are divided into nine different types as listed in table 8. [4] Table 7: IEC Ratio Codes [4] Table 8: Classification based on IEC Ratio Codes 2. 2. 3 Doenenbury Ratio MethodThis method utilizes the gas concentration from ratio of CH4/H2, C2H2/CH4, C2H4/C2H6 and C2H2/ C2H4. The value of the gases at first must exceed the concentration L1 to as certain whether there is really a problem with the unit and then whether there is sufficient generation of each gas for the ratio analysis to be applicable [5]. Table 9 shows the key gases and their concentration L1 [5], and table 10 shows fault type of specific ratios. Table 9: Concentration of L1 for Doernenburg Ratio Table 10: Fault diagnosis for Doernenburg Ratio Method 2. 2. 4 Duval Triangle Method M.Duval developed this method in the 1960s. To determine whether a problem exists at least one of the hydrocarbon gases or hydrogen must be at L1 level or above and the gas generation rate is at least at G2. [6] The L1 level and the gas generation rate for this method are shown in table 11. Table 11: L1 limits and gas generation rate for Duval Triangle Methode Once a problem has been determined to exist, to obtain diagnosis, calculate the total accumulated amount of the three Duval Triangle gases (CH4, C2H2, C2H4) and divide each gas by the total to find the percentage of each gas of the total.Plot the percentages of the total on the triangle (Figure2) to arrive at the diagnosis [6] Figure 2: Duval Triangle Transformer Fault Diagnosis 2. 2. 5 Key Gas Method Figure 3 : Key Gases Diagnosis The principle of the Key Gas method is based on the q uantity of fault gases released from the insulating oil when a fault occurs which in turn increase the temperature in the power transformer. The presence of the fault gases depends on the temperature or energy that will break the link or relation of the insulating oil chemical structure.This method uses the individual gas rather than the calculation of gas ratios for detecting fault. The significant and proportion of the gases are called â€Å"key gases†. Figure 3 indicate these â€Å"key gases† and relative proportions for the four general fault types [5]. 3. 0 Scheduled Work Task| Start Date| Duration (days)| Remarks| Progress| Project Title Selection| 28. 05. 2012| 12| Proposed own project title and submitted it on 4th June 2012| Completed| Research for Project Proposal| 08. 06. 2012| 10| Journals and articles were browsed through in IEEE, Science Direct, Scopus| Completed| Project Proposal| 14. 6. 2012| 3| Project Proposal was done based on the journals and article s found. | Completed | Research for Literature Review| 19. 06. 2012| unknown| Journals and articles were searched for the literature review| Ongoing| Progress Report 1| 01. 07. 2012| 15| Each progress towards the completion of Final Year Project 1| Completed| Research / Oral Presentation Preparation| 17. 07. 2012| 24| Complete the literature review and getting prepared for the oral presentation while doing research for the project| Incomplete| Oral Presentation| 10. 08. 2012 / 29. 08. 012| -| Presentation of all the findings and research and logbook to be submitted| Incomplete| Progress Report 2| 10. 08. 2012| 3| Each progress towards the completion of Final Year Project 1| Incomplete| 4. 0 Conclusion In the end of this study, I’ll be able to determine the pros and cons of all the different types of DGA diagnostics methods and be able to determine transformer faults out of the diagnostic methods which are very essential to prevent transformer damage. Suggestions and recommend ations will be given to further improve the efficiency of those available diagnostic methods . 0 Reference 1. Church, J. O. , Haupert, T. J. and Jakob, Fredi (1987). â€Å"Analyze Incipient Faults with Dissolved-gas Nomograph. † Elecrical World. Oct. Pgs. 40-44. 2. DiGiorgio, Joseph B. (1997). â€Å"Dissolved Gas Analysis of Mineral Oil Insulating Fluids. † California: Northern Technology & Testing 3. Domun, M. K. (1996). â€Å"Condition Monitoring of Power Transformers by Oil Analysis Techniques. † Proc. of the 11th Conference on Electric Power Supply Industry (CEPSI). Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 4. Siva Sarma, D. V. S. S. and G. N. S.Kalyani, ANN Approach for Condition Monitoring of Power Transformers using DGA. 2004 IEEE Region 10 Conference, TENCON 2004. , 2004. C: p. 444-447. 5. C57. 104. 1991, I. , IEEE Guide for Interpretation of Gases Generated in Oil-Immersed Transformer, I. The Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, Editor. 1992, The Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, Inc p. 27 6. FIST3-31, Facilities Instructions, Standards and Techniques Volume 3-31 Transformer Diagnostics. 2003, Bureu of Reclamation Hydroelectric Research and Technical Services Group Denver. p. 5-13.

Marketing Samsung Essay

The transformation from a low end to a world class company, Samsung has grown with an electrifying portfolio. ’Next is what’ tag line for all the Samsung mobiles defies its competitors,making them strive more to compete. The underpinning business orientation aids the company to play the market race easily. The coordination between the products and sales is balanced and composed that the net sales mend at a high speed. Samsung targets to capitalize profitability by ensuing an effective marketing mix. A healthy competition is always considered to be one of the most attractive driving sources to triumph. Samsung faces several industrial aspirants, but is significantly distinguished with its marketing management tasks. The company follows a core strategy to keep glowing in the sprint. Superior performance through differentiation providing consumer value, managing lowest deliver cost acts as the imperative competitive advantages. ? The direct competitor targets for Samsung are, Put the companies name like iphone, nokia†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ all its important competitors logo Samsung has a strong infrastructure with all the necessary requirements, producing wide range of well recognized products globally. The company puts its higher investment on R&D, thereby building technologically driven niche products. It establishes a brand value , providing greater yields than its competitors. The fast changing company entices young brains by providing fascinating pay, bonuses and incentives as a token of recognition. Samsung has large resources as a powerful work force, who are given full freedom to explore and innovate advancement in technologies and development. The business targets the specific market and creates a revolution, with its high margin products all over the world. With joint investments, the business is customer and market oriented. The brand power creates value chain that integrates competencies of all areas.Samsung positions itself as the digital technology leader, contends with other leading companies by appointing Olympic gold medalist Abinav Bindra and Actor Aamir khan, as its brand ambassador for it consumer electronics business and mobile phones respectively. Samsung meets every challenge, with high investment, with expertise in technology and marketing. Internally, Samsung maintains its own controlled strategy to stay competitive.

View from castle rock Essays

View from castle rock Essays View from castle rock Essay View from castle rock Essay The View from Castle Rock Text Response Questions. The View from Castle Rock. 1. Write a brief summary of the story. Andresens father took him through the castle on top of the rocks and told him the land over there is America. One day you will see it closer and for yourself- Old James, Andrews Father. As Andrew got older and had more understanding of things like maps, America the island his father showed him was really Fife. Andrews family catches a boat from the Harbor of Elite to America on June 4th 1818. Too many people. .. He ship will sink. Walter bought himself a book to write in abut his Journey o America, we also discover that Walter is motherless. After 10 days on the boat the loose sight of Scotland. They imagine what their lives will be like in Quebec, and how their health is still Just as good as when they left Scotland. 2. How does Old James see America? Old James see America as a place where There is every man is sitting in the midst of his own properties 3. Explain h ow we know that the family led insular unimaginative lives in Scotland? The family lives insular unimaginative lives as Andrew talks about how his father lied about seeing America when he was young when it was really Fife. . How helpful is Walters Journal to the story? Why do you think Munroe spends so much time recreating the ships crossing and its events? Walters Journal explains everything that the family uncounted on the ship Journey and then some description of what it was like when they landed in America and what happened to everybody. His Journal also talks about how they have a very prosperous voyage. I think Munroe spent so much time recreating this Journal because it showed how the family went on the Journey and the tragedies that also followed with this Journey. 5. Describe one dream/hope that a family member has when they land in Quebec. What does the character imagine their life might be like? Angles hopes to meet a man after hearing what a women said on the boat officers you see in the street Best-looking men.. Anywhere in the world. She hopes to marry, a man with enough money .. Let you ride in a Cambridge.. Send presents to your mother. Working for a living. 1. Write a brief summary of the story The story is an overview of her fathers life from age 12. The story detailed different things nee 010 ruling Nils Tie Ana Nils struggle tongue Tie. Munroe T eaten was a person with romantic perception and whilst he turned his hand to farming animal for their fur. He was never very successful in what he did and he struggled to provide for his family. 2. Why did Neurons father regret leaving school? I dont believe that her father regretted leaving school. .. Continuation School too young.. He should have stayed there, he should have made something out of himself Aid this almost as a matter of form, not as if he cared very much. Page 129 3. What was his interest as a young man and how did he pursue it? He was very interested in the bushman at the back of his parents farm, that he spend most of his time there exploring and catching animals, following the creeks. he began to spend more time in the bush and less and less time at school, so that his paren t decided there was not much point sending him 4. Describe Neurons mother and how she felt about her. Does this change over time? Discuss how subjective views change over time and are influenced by age, using examples form this story. Munroe thought her Mother and Father got married under a cloud of anxiety. Her mother in her late asss who was unmarried and didnt believe embody. She had a desire to be successful in business and a vision to take their fur trading to a new level. She was very good at making friends and mixing business and friends where her interests lay. In later years, Munroe felt that her mother used her illness, which was improper in her mother. 5. Why does Munroe include the excerpt of her fathers writing? What does it show about her father? Munroe included the excerpt of her fathers writing as it detailed the interaction with his grandfather when he was a little boy, which possibly the true foundation of the man he became to be. Its also describes the times they enjoyed together because he didnt have a good relationship Home Home is Neurons story is about going home as an adult. She talks about the long trip and the change to her perception of the house. She sees the interaction between her father and stepmother and describes her fathers falling health. Despite the time pasted since she lived at home there was still a comfort about being there. . Why is Munroe now able to visit her old home? Munroe Is addle to vaults nee 010 none as seen responsibilities. Let nerd unsound Ana Llanos nave same . Describe Aerial. Analyses how Munroe feels about her stepmother Aerial is a stout and rosier women. She like to make people laugh and people themselves, she seems to care for her father and love him. She may have once been an at tractive women and wishes she could have always been Neurons fathers wife and not his second wife. 4. How does her imagination influence how she writes about the landscape of her old home? Munroe description about the landscape of the home is through her desire to see it. When she was living more than a thousand miles away there was years twine visits. As she was unable to visit very often she was afraid she would been able to see the house very often would walk through it rooms, in her mind. 5. How does the situation and her emotions influence how she writes about the incidents surrounding her fathers illness. Munroe is clearly upset about her father illness but seem to write about other facts regarding his admission, doctor, Aerial, the dog rather than expression any true emotion towards her father. Hired Girl This is about Neurons experience about being a maid during the summer when she was 17. And her interaction with people on the island. She did believe that she did not have the grace or fortitude to be a servant. She falls into an boat of isolation unable to understand the maid life type and through this has sexual fantasies. 2. How does the author equate the forest to the rich people? Country people call land with lots of trees and undergrowth and great vines, brambles saplings the bush. Rich people eliminated undergrowth etc and turned the bush into a more authentic looking forest. Poor people didnt worry about interfering with the infusion of the seasonal changes. 3. Describe one member of the Monotony family in detail. Miss Foley. Miss Foley was Miss Monotony mother. She was an elderly women who needed althorn care, Decease seen got nerd wells crossed now Ana teen Mrs.. Holey seem to enjoy a leisurely life, who like to spend sunny mornings on the deck chair. 4. Neuron s imaginative landscape extends to pure fantasy in this chapter. What does she fantasies about? Analyses why much of this fantasy is sexual. She fantasies about Mr Hammond touching her as she swam around in the water, about the thought of IM touching (her) me. She thinks about the age difference and her desire to want a 45 year old touch her. I believe that she talks about this fantasy in detail because of the loneliness on the island and unable to understand the life as a maid. 5. How does Neurons need for intimacy from others assist her reflections of this period and these memoirs? Her need for intimacy is cry for attention and wants to understand the reasons for being treated so awfully as a maid. Due to this lack of intimacy when she leaves she almost immediately forgets Mrs Monotony.

Understanding the Big-Bang Theory

Understanding the Big-Bang Theory The big-bang theory is the dominant theory of the origin of the universe. In essence, this theory states that the universe began from an initial point or singularity, which has expanded over billions of years to form the universe as we now know it. Early Expanding Universe Findings In 1922, a Russian cosmologist and mathematician named Alexander Friedman found that solutions to Albert Einsteins general relativity field equations resulted in an expanding universe. As a believer in a static, eternal universe, Einstein added a cosmological constant to his equations, correcting for this error and thus eliminating the expansion. He would later call this the biggest blunder of his life. Actually, there was already observational evidence in support of an expanding universe. In 1912, American astronomer Vesto Slipher observed a spiral galaxy- considered a spiral nebula at the time, since astronomers didnt yet know that there were galaxies beyond the Milky Way- and recorded its redshift, the shift of a light source shift toward the red end of the light spectrum. He observed that all such nebula were traveling away from the Earth. These results were quite controversial at the time, and their full implications were not considered. In 1924, astronomer Edwin Hubble was able to measure the distance to these nebula and discovered that they were so far away that they were not actually part of the Milky Way. He had discovered that the Milky Way was only one of many galaxies and that these nebulae were actually galaxies in their own right. Birth of the Big Bang In 1927, Roman Catholic priest and physicist Georges Lemaitre independently calculated the Friedman solution and again suggested that the universe must be expanding. This theory was supported by Hubble when, in 1929, he found that there was a correlation between the distance of the galaxies and the amount of redshift in that galaxys light. The distant galaxies were moving away faster, which was exactly what was predicted by Lemaitres solutions. In 1931, Lemaitre went further with his predictions, extrapolating backward in time find that the matter of the universe would reach an infinite density and temperature at a finite time in the past. This meant the universe must have begun in an incredibly small, dense point of matter, called a primeval atom. The fact that Lemaitre was a Roman Catholic priest concerned some, as he was putting forth a theory that presented a definite moment of creation to the universe. In the 1920s and 1930s, most physicists- like Einstein- were inclined to believe that the universe had always existed. In essence, the big-bang theory was seen as too religious by many people. Big Bang vs. Steady State While several theories were presented for a time, it was really only Fred Hoyles steady-state theory that provided any real competition for Lemaitres theory. It was, ironically, Hoyle who coined the phrase Big Bang during a 1950s radio broadcast, intending it as a derisive term for Lemaitres theory. The steady-state theory predicted that new matter was created such that the density and temperature of the universe remained constant over time, even while the universe was expanding. Hoyle also predicted that denser elements were formed from hydrogen and helium through the process of stellar nucleosynthesis, which, unlike the steady-state theory, has proved to be accurate. George Gamow- one of Friedmans pupils- was the major advocate of the big-bang theory. Together with colleagues Ralph Alpher and Robert Herman, he predicted the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation, which is radiation that should exist throughout the universe as a remnant of the Big Bang. As atoms began to form during the recombination era, they allowed microwave radiation (a form of light) to travel through the universe, and Gamow predicted that this microwave radiation would still be observable today. The debate continued until 1965 when Arno Penzias and Robert Woodrow Wilson stumbled upon the CMB while working for Bell Telephone Laboratories. Their Dicke radiometer, used for radio astronomy and satellite communications, picked up a 3.5 K temperature (a close match to Alpher and Hermans prediction of 5 K). Throughout the late 1960s and early 1970s, some proponents of steady-state physics attempted to explain this finding while still denying the big-bang theory, but by the end of the decade, it was clear that the CMB radiation had no other plausible explanation. Penzias and Wilson received the 1978 Nobel Prize in physics for this discovery. Cosmic Inflation Certain concerns, however, remained regarding the big-bang theory. One of these was the problem of homogeneity. Scientists asked: Why does the universe look identical, in terms of energy, regardless of which direction one looks? The big-bang theory does not give the early universe time to reach thermal equilibrium, so there should be differences in energy throughout the universe. In 1980, American physicist Alan Guth formally proposed inflation theory to resolve this and other problems. This theory says that in the early moments following the Big Bang, there was an extremely rapid expansion of the nascent universe driven by negative-pressure vacuum energy (which may be in some way related to current theories of dark energy). Alternatively, inflation theories, similar in concept but with slightly different details have been put forward by others in the years since. The Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) program by NASA, which began in 2001, has provided evidence that strongly supports an inflation period in the early universe. This evidence is especially strong in the three-year data released in 2006, though there are still some minor inconsistencies with theory. The 2006 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to John C. Mather and George Smoot, two key workers on the WMAP project. Existing Controversies While the Big Bang theory is accepted by the vast majority of physicists, there are still some minor questions concerning it. Most importantly, however, are the questions which the theory cannot even attempt to answer: What existed before the Big Bang?What caused the Big Bang?Is our universe the only one? The answers to these questions may well exist beyond the realm of physics, but theyre fascinating nonetheless, and answers such as the multiverse hypothesis provide an intriguing area of speculation for scientists and non-scientists alike. Other Names for the Big Bang When Lemaitre originally proposed his observation about the early universe, he called this early state of the universe the primeval atom. Years later, George Gamow would apply the name ylem for it. It has also been called the primordial atom or even the cosmic egg.